Estados Pequeños (EP) del Cono Sur -Uruguay Paraguay y Bolivia-. Vulnerabilidades, resiliencia e inserción internacional (2005-2015)
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Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales
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La investigación destaca las vulnerabilidades de las
economías emergentes—Uruguay, Paraguay y Bolivia—
(Estados Pequeños -EP) ubicados en la periferia de la
economía global, y cuya inserción internacional está
condicionada tanto por su tamaño como por su capacidad de
adaptación o resiliencia. Los casos seleccionados
desarrollaron relaciones asimétricas con los países grandes de
la subregión del Cono Sur -Brasil y Argentina-.
Esta tesis adopta un enfoque de estudio de caso con énfasis
en el análisis cualitativo, pero se basa en datos calificados y
recopilados sobre los tres países seleccionados. Esto ha
permitido reflexionar sobre sus trayectorias y las limitaciones
que experimentan en su inserción internacional los EP.
Las variables agrupadas a partir de una interpretación del
período (2005-2015), se configuran desde un enfoque
complementario y dentro de la perspectiva pluralista/crítica de
la economía política del desarrollo. Esta epistemología
presenta múltiples afinidades con las relaciones de poder y
con las asimetrías emergentes.
Desde esta perspectiva se realizaron, agrupadas en
aspectos específicos asociados con los siguientes ejes: i)
vulnerabilidades de la apertura económica; ii) asimetrías
estructurales y políticas; iii) dificultades institucionales para
fomentar niveles de corporativismo
socialdemócrata/tripartito. En estas categorías se incluyen
factores asociados al sector económico (productivoexportador) y las inversiones (IED), al rol del Estado, y
también, relacionadas con la dimensión democráticoinstitucional, con énfasis en aspectos sociolaborales.
Las contribuciones a la literatura sobre los EP, incluye
cierta correlación entre las trayectorias al desarrollo y la
reducción de vulnerabilidades estructurales. Para cada EP del
Cono Sur, aunque de maneras diferentes, su excelencia
anidará en promover estrategias resilientes y sostenibles junto
a los diversos actores e intereses asociados al tripartismosocial-democratico.
The research highlights the vulnerabilities of emerging economies—Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia (Small States - SS) located on the periphery of the global economy, whose international integration is conditioned by both their size and their capacity for adaptation or resilience. The selected cases developed asymmetrical relationships with the large countries of the Southern Cone subregion—Brazil and Argentina. This thesis adopts a case study approach with an emphasis on qualitative analysis, but it is based on qualified data collected on the three selected countries. This has allowed for reflection on their trajectories and the limitations experienced by SS in their international integration. The variables, grouped based on an interpretation of the period (2005-2015), are configured from a complementary approach and within the pluralist/critical perspective of the political economy of development. This epistemology presents multiple affinities with power relations and emerging asymmetries. From this perspective, analyses were conducted, grouped into specific aspects associated with the following axes: i) vulnerabilities of economic liberalization; ii) structural and political asymmetries; iii) institutional difficulties in fostering levels of social-democratic/tripartite corporatism. These categories include various factors associated with the economic sector (productive-export) and investments (FDI); the role of the State; and also those issues related to the democratic-institutional dimension, with emphasis on the socio-labor aspects. The contributions to the literature on Small states encompass a positive correlation between development trajectories and the reduction of structural vulnerabilities. For the SS of the Southern Cone, although in different ways, its excellence will lie in promoting resilient and sustainable strategies alongside diverse actors and interests associated with social-democratic tripartism.
The research highlights the vulnerabilities of emerging economies—Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia (Small States - SS) located on the periphery of the global economy, whose international integration is conditioned by both their size and their capacity for adaptation or resilience. The selected cases developed asymmetrical relationships with the large countries of the Southern Cone subregion—Brazil and Argentina. This thesis adopts a case study approach with an emphasis on qualitative analysis, but it is based on qualified data collected on the three selected countries. This has allowed for reflection on their trajectories and the limitations experienced by SS in their international integration. The variables, grouped based on an interpretation of the period (2005-2015), are configured from a complementary approach and within the pluralist/critical perspective of the political economy of development. This epistemology presents multiple affinities with power relations and emerging asymmetries. From this perspective, analyses were conducted, grouped into specific aspects associated with the following axes: i) vulnerabilities of economic liberalization; ii) structural and political asymmetries; iii) institutional difficulties in fostering levels of social-democratic/tripartite corporatism. These categories include various factors associated with the economic sector (productive-export) and investments (FDI); the role of the State; and also those issues related to the democratic-institutional dimension, with emphasis on the socio-labor aspects. The contributions to the literature on Small states encompass a positive correlation between development trajectories and the reduction of structural vulnerabilities. For the SS of the Southern Cone, although in different ways, its excellence will lie in promoting resilient and sustainable strategies alongside diverse actors and interests associated with social-democratic tripartism.

