Microbial flora, probiotics, Bacillus subtilis and the search for a long and healthy human longevity
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Probiotics are live microorganisms that have beneficial
effects on host health, including extended lifespan, when
they are administered or present in adequate quantities.
However, the mechanisms by which probiotics stimulate
host longevity remain unclear and very poorly understood.
In a recent study (Nat. Commun. 8, 14332 (2017) doi:
10.1038/ncomms14332), we used the spore-forming pro biotic bacterium Bacillus subtilis and the model organism
Caenorhabditis elegans to study the mechanism by which
a probiotic bacterium affects host longevity. We found
that biofilm-proficient B. subtilis colonized the C. elegans
gut and extended the worm lifespan significantly longer
than did biofilm-deficient isogenic strains. In addition to
biofilm proficiency, the quorum-sensing pentapeptide CSF
and nitric oxide (NO) represent the entire B. subtilis rep ertoire responsible for the extended longevity of C. ele gans. B. subtilis grown under biofilm-supporting condi tions synthesized higher levels of NO and CSF than under
planktonic growth conditions, emphasizing the key role of
the biofilm in slowing host aging. Significantly, the pro longevity effect of B. subtilis was primarily due to a
downregulation of the insulin-like signaling system that
precisely is a key partaker in the healthy longevity of hu man centenarians. These findings open the possibility to
test if the regular consumption of B. subtilis incorporated
in foods and beverages could significantly extend human
life expectancy and contribute to stop the development
of age-related diseases.
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