Desarrollo de la Teoría Geopolítica en la Argentina durante el siglo XX
Fecha
2016-05
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Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales
Resumen
La Geopolítica, considerada una subdisciplina derivada de las Relaciones
Internacionales, puede ser una importante herramienta para la planificación de política
exterior, como también para la creación de un proyecto nacional de desarrollo. Una visión
geopolítica, oportunamente aplicada, tiende a estar alineada con los intereses de la nación
que la realice y aggiornada a la realidad internacional del momento.
En el presente trabajo se pretende estudiar los aportes realizados por los
principales teóricos de la Geopolítica en Argentina en el siglo XX. Para ello se exponen
los principales conceptos trabajados por los autores argentinos, se identifican las
corrientes teóricas en las cuales se inscribieron los trabajos argentinos, se describen los
contextos internacionales a los cuales intentaron dar respuesta y se indaga sobre las
propuestas geopolíticas para la inserción internacional nacional.
De este modo, a través de una amplia revisión bibliográfica, se observa cómo el
desarrollo de la teoría geopolítica argentina estuvo fuertemente condicionado por el
contexto internacional y regional de cada período y por los lineamientos generales de las
teorías originadas en los países centrales, aunque mostrando innovación con respecto a
llevar un pensamiento geopolítico más cooperativo que confrontativo.
The Geopolitics, considered a sub discipline came from the International Relations, can be an important toll for the planning of foreign policies, as well as for the creation of a national development project. A geopolitical vision, opportunely applied, tends to be aligned with the interests of the nation that made it and adapted to the international reality of the moment. The present paper pretends to study the contributions made by the main theoreticians of Geopolitics in Argentina during the XX century. For that the main concepts worked by argentine authors are presented, the theories where the argentine papers were framed are identified, the international contexts which they tried to respond are described and the geopolitical approaches for the national international integration are inquired. In this way, through a wide bibliographical review, is observed how the development of the argentine geopolitical development was strongly conditioned by the international and regional context of each period and for the general guidelines of the theories originated in the central countries, although, showing innovation regarding on carrying a geopolitical thought more cooperative than confrontative.
The Geopolitics, considered a sub discipline came from the International Relations, can be an important toll for the planning of foreign policies, as well as for the creation of a national development project. A geopolitical vision, opportunely applied, tends to be aligned with the interests of the nation that made it and adapted to the international reality of the moment. The present paper pretends to study the contributions made by the main theoreticians of Geopolitics in Argentina during the XX century. For that the main concepts worked by argentine authors are presented, the theories where the argentine papers were framed are identified, the international contexts which they tried to respond are described and the geopolitical approaches for the national international integration are inquired. In this way, through a wide bibliographical review, is observed how the development of the argentine geopolitical development was strongly conditioned by the international and regional context of each period and for the general guidelines of the theories originated in the central countries, although, showing innovation regarding on carrying a geopolitical thought more cooperative than confrontative.
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Palabras clave
Relaciones internacionales, Geopolítica, Teoría, Argentina, Geopolitics, Theory