Ganadería y sustentabilidad en islas del departamento San Jerónimo: Un análisis crítico de las representaciones sobre el apotreramiento y otras tecnologías
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FCA. UNR
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Este trabajo aborda críticamente las representaciones construidas por los
productores ganaderos isleros del Departamento San Jerónimo en torno al
apotreramiento de islas y otras tecnologías y su relación con la sustentabilidad
de los sistemas productivos en el Delta del Paraná. A partir de una estrategia
metodológica basada en la Teoría Fundamentada, se realizaron entrevistas
semiestructuradas a productores radicados en distintas unidades de paisaje del
Sitio Ramsar, lo que permitió relevar prácticas, significados y percepciones sobre
el uso de tecnologías como el apotreramiento, el uso alambrado eléctrico y otras
prácticas utilizadas en la ganadería de islas.
Los resultados muestran que la no adopción del apotreramiento como
herramienta para manejo del pastoreo, no responde a un rechazo irracional, sino
a una racionalidad adaptativa frente a un ambiente modulado por la dinámica
hidrológica y caracterizado por la movilidad constante y la precariedad de las
infraestructuras. En este sentido, los productores priorizan tecnologías flexibles y
de bajo costo, más acordes con la dinámica del humedal que con las lógicas
tecnocráticas de las propuestas institucionales.
El análisis también pone en evidencia procesos de desterritorialización
asociados a la transferencia de tecnologías externas, que tienden a subordinar
los saberes locales y las prácticas históricas de manejo. Frente a ello, se revaloriza
la existencia de una “tecnología local”, entendida como un conjunto de saberes
y estrategias que, aun sin ajustarse a cánones académicos, resultan coherentes
con la conservación de las funciones ecosistémicas.
En conclusión, el trabajo aporta a la construcción de una perspectiva de
sustentabilidad situada, en la que la articulación entre ciencia académica y saber
isleño se presenta como condición indispensable para diseñar políticas y
prácticas de manejo más pertinentes, justas y eficaces en los humedales del
Delta del Paraná.
This study offers a critical examination of the representations constructed by island cattle producers from the San Jerónimo Department regarding paddock subdivision (apotreramiento) and other technologies, and their relationship with the sustainability of livestock systems in the Paraná Delta. Using a Grounded Theory methodological approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with producers located across different wetland landscape units of the Ramsar Site. This allowed for the identification of practices, meanings, and perceptions related to the use of technologies such as paddock subdivision, electric fencing, and other tools commonly employed in island-based livestock production. Findings reveal that the limited adoption of paddock subdivision as a grazing management tool is not the result of irrational resistance but reflects an adaptive rationality shaped by a hydrologically dynamic environment characterized by constant mobility and infrastructural precariousness. Producers therefore prioritize low-cost, flexible technologies that align more closely with wetland dynamics than with the technocratic logic embedded in institutional proposals. The analysis also highlights processes of deterritorialization associated with the transfer of external technologies that tend to subordinate local knowledge and long- standing management practices. In contrast, the study underscores the importance of “local technology,” understood as a set of practices and strategies that, while not necessarily aligned with academic standards, remain coherent with the conservation of ecosystem functions. In conclusion, this work contributes to the development of a situated perspective on sustainability, showing that meaningful progress requires articulating academic science with islander knowledge to design management policies and practices that are more context-appropriate, socially equitable, and ecologically effective within the wetlands of the Paraná Delta.
This study offers a critical examination of the representations constructed by island cattle producers from the San Jerónimo Department regarding paddock subdivision (apotreramiento) and other technologies, and their relationship with the sustainability of livestock systems in the Paraná Delta. Using a Grounded Theory methodological approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with producers located across different wetland landscape units of the Ramsar Site. This allowed for the identification of practices, meanings, and perceptions related to the use of technologies such as paddock subdivision, electric fencing, and other tools commonly employed in island-based livestock production. Findings reveal that the limited adoption of paddock subdivision as a grazing management tool is not the result of irrational resistance but reflects an adaptive rationality shaped by a hydrologically dynamic environment characterized by constant mobility and infrastructural precariousness. Producers therefore prioritize low-cost, flexible technologies that align more closely with wetland dynamics than with the technocratic logic embedded in institutional proposals. The analysis also highlights processes of deterritorialization associated with the transfer of external technologies that tend to subordinate local knowledge and long- standing management practices. In contrast, the study underscores the importance of “local technology,” understood as a set of practices and strategies that, while not necessarily aligned with academic standards, remain coherent with the conservation of ecosystem functions. In conclusion, this work contributes to the development of a situated perspective on sustainability, showing that meaningful progress requires articulating academic science with islander knowledge to design management policies and practices that are more context-appropriate, socially equitable, and ecologically effective within the wetlands of the Paraná Delta.
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Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como Attribution 2.5 Argentina

