Breve historia topológica del mundo: del muro a la red
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El artículo propone una comprensión topológica del discurso político actual. La
semiosfera, es decir, el espacio conceptual dentro del cual vive una cultura como un conjunto
de dinámicas de significado, está constantemente llena de procesos de agregación y
desintegración de comunidades. La evolución tecnológica acompaña, expresa y altera esta
tensión. En el período medieval, las comunidades se formaban y deshacían alrededor de
fronteras geográficas: las personas se mataban entre sí por la posesión de un terreno fértil o
de un acceso al mar. En la modernidad, la lucha por las fronteras físicas se mantuvo, pero
se entrelazó inextricablemente con el conflicto de ideologías: fronteras hechas de palabras
y creencias dividieron a la Europa católica y protestante en líneas que se superpondrían y
complicarían las de las fronteras geográficas. En la modernidad, se hizo más difícil representar
confines, separar los propios de los demás, ya que sistemas de fronteras de diferentes
órdenes comenzaron a cruzar sus líneas: en el mismo país, en la misma ciudad, incluso en
la misma familia vivirían y a menudo se odiarían católicos y protestantes. La complicación
ha explotado en la posmodernidad, especialmente con la producción de significado en una
semiosfera cada vez más digital. Las comunidades continúan existiendo, pero mediante
sistemas de membresía de intensidad variable, en los que los miembros están dentro y
fuera de las líneas divisorias, de acuerdo con los registros ideológicos adoptados.
The article proposes a topological understanding of the present-day political discourse. The semiosphere, i.e., the conceptual space within which a culture lives as a set of dynamics of meaning, is constantly teeming with the aggregation and disintegration of communities. Technological evolution accompanies, expresses, and alters this tension. In the medieval period, communities were made and unmade around geographical borders: people would kill each other for the possession of a fertile ground, or an access to the sea. In modernity, the fight for the physical boundaries remained, but it inextricably intertwined with the conflict of ideologies: borders made of words and beliefs divided Catholic and Protestant Europe along lines that would overlap and complicate those of geographical boundaries. In modernity, it became more difficult to represent confines, to separate one’s own ones from the others, for systems of borders of different orders began to crisscross their lines: in the same country, in the same city, even in the same family would live and often hate each other Catholics and Protestants. The complication has exploded in postmodernity, especially with the production of meaning in the semiosphere becoming more and more digital. Communities continue to exist, but by membership systems of varying intensity, where members are both inside and outside the dividing lines, according to the adopted ideological registers.
The article proposes a topological understanding of the present-day political discourse. The semiosphere, i.e., the conceptual space within which a culture lives as a set of dynamics of meaning, is constantly teeming with the aggregation and disintegration of communities. Technological evolution accompanies, expresses, and alters this tension. In the medieval period, communities were made and unmade around geographical borders: people would kill each other for the possession of a fertile ground, or an access to the sea. In modernity, the fight for the physical boundaries remained, but it inextricably intertwined with the conflict of ideologies: borders made of words and beliefs divided Catholic and Protestant Europe along lines that would overlap and complicate those of geographical boundaries. In modernity, it became more difficult to represent confines, to separate one’s own ones from the others, for systems of borders of different orders began to crisscross their lines: in the same country, in the same city, even in the same family would live and often hate each other Catholics and Protestants. The complication has exploded in postmodernity, especially with the production of meaning in the semiosphere becoming more and more digital. Communities continue to exist, but by membership systems of varying intensity, where members are both inside and outside the dividing lines, according to the adopted ideological registers.
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