Los trabajadores ferroviarios: sus luchas y organizaciones sindicales en el contexto de la Argentina gobernada por el radicalismo (1916 – 1930)
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Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios Sociales Argentinos y Latinoamericanos
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Como se sabe, a partir de la llegada del radicalismo al poder, la cuestión obrera urbana en
Argentina, atravesará un proceso de progresiva transformación. De esta manera, y juntamente
con la persistencia de rasgos característicos del período oligárquico, adquieren nuevas
connotaciones las relaciones entre los trabajadores organizados, el Estado y los patrones. En
este contexto los gremios ferroviarios constituyeron actores sociales claves de estos cambios.
Tanto La Fraternidad como la Federación Obrera Ferroviaria fueron las protagonistas de las
luchas más importantes que se dieron en esta etapa, que se extiende entre 1916 y 1930. A
su vez, fueron consolidando un modelo de organización sindical fuertemente centralizado,
que se tratará de imponer hacia finales de la década del veinte. Por lo tanto, en este trabajo
nos proponemos analizar el desarrollo que tuvieron las instancias organizativas de los
trabajadores ferroviarios, conjuntamente con las notas distintivas que adquirieron las luchas
que llevaron adelante. Al mismo tiempo, abordaremos aquellas corrientes de izquierda, como
el Sindicalismo Revolucionario “criollo” y el Partido Socialista, los cuales, con su accionar le
dieron un contenido ideológico a las luchas de los trabajadores.
It is well known that, since the arrival of radicalismo to the government, the urban labor issue in Argentina went through a process of progressive transformation. In this way, and together with the persistence of characteristic features of the oligarchic period, the relations between organized workers, the State and the employers gained new connotations. In this context, rail unions were key social actors of these changes. Both La Fraternidad and Federación Obrera Ferroviaria played a leading role in the most important conflicts that took place in the period that goes from 1916 to 1930. Besides, they also consolidated a strongly centralized model of union organization, attempted to be imposed towards the end of the twenties. Therefore, in this article we seek to analyze the development of the organizational experiences of railroad workers, as well as the distinctive features of the conflicts they led. At the same time, we will tackle the left movements, such as the “criollo” revolutionary syndicalism and the socialist party, which, with their actions, gave an ideological content to the workers’ struggles
It is well known that, since the arrival of radicalismo to the government, the urban labor issue in Argentina went through a process of progressive transformation. In this way, and together with the persistence of characteristic features of the oligarchic period, the relations between organized workers, the State and the employers gained new connotations. In this context, rail unions were key social actors of these changes. Both La Fraternidad and Federación Obrera Ferroviaria played a leading role in the most important conflicts that took place in the period that goes from 1916 to 1930. Besides, they also consolidated a strongly centralized model of union organization, attempted to be imposed towards the end of the twenties. Therefore, in this article we seek to analyze the development of the organizational experiences of railroad workers, as well as the distinctive features of the conflicts they led. At the same time, we will tackle the left movements, such as the “criollo” revolutionary syndicalism and the socialist party, which, with their actions, gave an ideological content to the workers’ struggles