(Re)pensando la ciudadanía regional en el cono sur americano : hipótesis y apuntes teóricos basados en una investigación de campo en dos etapas (parte 1)
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Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (UAQ)
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El presente trabajo tiene como fin reflexionar sobre la ciudadanía regional con especial referencia al Mercosur. La ciudadanía ha sido un concepto vinculado estrechamente con deberes y derechos dentro de las fronteras de los estados nacionales.En el siglo XIX, la noción de ciudadanía se amplía con el reconocimiento delos derechos sociales; la obra Ciudadanos y clase social de T. Marshall de 1950 es emblemática en este sentido.El presente artículo se propone ir más allá de la ciudadanía nacional y reflexionar en las limitaciones actuales que median entre la teoría y la praxis de esta condición a través de tres hipótesis. Las mismas, intentan visibilizarlos límites de la ciudadanía no solo dentro del estado nacional,sino dentro de la región impidiendo que el proceso de integración pluriestatal y multinacional del Mercosur se consolide en las sociedades involucradas.El trabajo consta hasta el momento de dos partes.La metodología aplicada es cualitativa/deductiva y cuantitativa/inductiva. Cualitativa, por cuanto hay revisión de bibliografía, en especial para el caso Mercosur.Cuantitativa porque se basa en un estudio de campo consistente en el análisis de 1276 encuestas en el que intervinieron estudiantes del 5º año de Relaciones Internacionales de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Esta primera parte abarca el estudio realizado en el quinquenio 2015-2019. La segunda parte de este trabajo, congrega tanto a estudiantes de 5º año como a alumnos del 3º año de la mencionada licenciatura y dio inicio en el primer semestre de 2022.En ambas etapas, el instrumento de consulta a distintos sectores de la población fueron sendas encuestas. La primera, más elemental. La segunda,más compleja, producto de la revisión y preguntas sugeridas por estudiantes y por profesores/investigadores.
The purpose of this paper is to reflect on regional citizenship with special reference to Mercosur.Citizenship has been a concept closely linked to duties and rights within the borders of national states. In the 19th century, the notion of citizenship was expanded with the recognition of social rights; T. Marshall's 1950 work Citizens and Social Class is emblematic in this sense.This article intends to go beyond national citizenship and reflect on the current limitations that mediate between the theory and praxis of this condition through three hypotheses. They try to make visible the limits of citizenship not only within the national state, but also within the region, preventing the multistate and multinational integration process of Mercosur from consolidating in the societies involved.The work consists so far in two parts. The applied methodology is qualitative/deductive and quantitative/inductive. Qualitative, since there is a review of the bibliography, especially for the Mercosur case. Quantitative because it is based on a field studythat consists in 1,726 surveys in which students from the 5th year of International Relations of the National University of Rosario participated. This first part covers the study carried out in the five-year period 2015-2019. The second part of this work, brings together both 5th yearstudents and 3rd year students of the afore mentioned degree and began in the first semester of 2022. In both stages, the consultation instrument for different sectors of the population were poll orsurveys. The first most elementary. The second, more complex, product of the review and questions suggested by students and teachers/researchers
The purpose of this paper is to reflect on regional citizenship with special reference to Mercosur.Citizenship has been a concept closely linked to duties and rights within the borders of national states. In the 19th century, the notion of citizenship was expanded with the recognition of social rights; T. Marshall's 1950 work Citizens and Social Class is emblematic in this sense.This article intends to go beyond national citizenship and reflect on the current limitations that mediate between the theory and praxis of this condition through three hypotheses. They try to make visible the limits of citizenship not only within the national state, but also within the region, preventing the multistate and multinational integration process of Mercosur from consolidating in the societies involved.The work consists so far in two parts. The applied methodology is qualitative/deductive and quantitative/inductive. Qualitative, since there is a review of the bibliography, especially for the Mercosur case. Quantitative because it is based on a field studythat consists in 1,726 surveys in which students from the 5th year of International Relations of the National University of Rosario participated. This first part covers the study carried out in the five-year period 2015-2019. The second part of this work, brings together both 5th yearstudents and 3rd year students of the afore mentioned degree and began in the first semester of 2022. In both stages, the consultation instrument for different sectors of the population were poll orsurveys. The first most elementary. The second, more complex, product of the review and questions suggested by students and teachers/researchers
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