Interacciones entre periodistas y fuentes informativas en diarios impresos de Rosario. El crimen y desaparición de Gerardo Pichón Escobar. Un estudio de caso
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Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales
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La presente tesis aborda las interacciones entre periodistas y fuentes
informativas en la producción de noticias en los diarios impresos de Rosario. Se
trata de un estudio de caso sobre la desaparición seguida de asesinato del joven
Gerardo “Pichón” Escobar ocurrida en agosto de 2015.
Es mi intención contribuir a la jerarquización de las prácticas periodísticas
como objeto de estudio dentro de la agenda investigativa del campo de la
comunicación.
En la construcción del objeto de estudio se han tomado enunciados de la
teoría social de Anthony Giddens, que permiten afirmar que el periodista es un
agente con capacidades y destrezas, que reconoce y de las que potencialmente
puede dar cuenta; que eso lo convierte en un intérprete calificado –y, hasta en
algunos casos, privilegiado– de la realidad; y que en interacción con otros actores
materializa esa interpretación en las noticias que leemos a diario.
Por eso, considero que la jerarquización del ejercicio del periodismo como
objeto de estudio trasciende a la agenda investiga del campo de estudios de la
comunicación; ya que se trata de una profesión cuyas prácticas resultan
significativas para comprender la manera en que se produce y reproduce la
estructura social.
Asimismo –y también de acuerdo a la perspectiva de Giddens– me he
orientado por los principios de la doble hermenéutica para comprender las
interacciones entre periodistas y fuentes –a partir del punto de vista de los
primeros– como aspecto central del proceso de interpretación de la realidad que
presupone la producción de noticias.
En cuanto al diseño metodológico –y en concordancia con los supuestos
señalados–, el trabajo de campo consistió en entrevistas en profundidad a los
periodistas de diarios rosarinos que participaron de la producción de noticias
sobre el “caso Escobar”, las que posteriormente fueron analizadas a partir de las
principales categorías de Anthony Giddens.
This thesis addresses the interactions between journalists and information sources in the production of news in the printed newspapers of Rosario. This is a case study of the disappearance followed by the murder of the young Gerardo “Pichón” Escobar that occurred in August 2015. I intend to contribute to the hierarchization of journalistic practices as an object of study within the research agenda of the field of communication. In the construction of the object of study, statements have been taken from the social theory of Anthony Giddens, which allow us to affirm that the journalist is an agent with habilities and skills, that he recognizes and can potentially account for; and this makes him a qualified and, in some cases, a privileged interpreter of reality; and that in interaction with other actors materializes that interpretation in the news we read daily. For this reason, I consider that the hierarchization of the exercise of journalism as an object of study transcends the research agenda of the field of communication studies; since it is a profession whose practices are significant to understand how the social structure is produced and reproduced. Likewise, and also according to Giddens' perspective, I have been guided by the principles of double hermeneutics to understand the interactions between journalists and sources, from the point of view of the former, as a central aspect of the process of interpretation of reality that presupposes the production of news. Regarding the methodological design, and following the aforementioned assumptions, the fieldwork consisted of in-depth interviews with the journalists from Rosario newspapers who participated in the production of news about the “Escobar Case”, which were subsequently analyzed from the main categories of Anthony Giddens.
This thesis addresses the interactions between journalists and information sources in the production of news in the printed newspapers of Rosario. This is a case study of the disappearance followed by the murder of the young Gerardo “Pichón” Escobar that occurred in August 2015. I intend to contribute to the hierarchization of journalistic practices as an object of study within the research agenda of the field of communication. In the construction of the object of study, statements have been taken from the social theory of Anthony Giddens, which allow us to affirm that the journalist is an agent with habilities and skills, that he recognizes and can potentially account for; and this makes him a qualified and, in some cases, a privileged interpreter of reality; and that in interaction with other actors materializes that interpretation in the news we read daily. For this reason, I consider that the hierarchization of the exercise of journalism as an object of study transcends the research agenda of the field of communication studies; since it is a profession whose practices are significant to understand how the social structure is produced and reproduced. Likewise, and also according to Giddens' perspective, I have been guided by the principles of double hermeneutics to understand the interactions between journalists and sources, from the point of view of the former, as a central aspect of the process of interpretation of reality that presupposes the production of news. Regarding the methodological design, and following the aforementioned assumptions, the fieldwork consisted of in-depth interviews with the journalists from Rosario newspapers who participated in the production of news about the “Escobar Case”, which were subsequently analyzed from the main categories of Anthony Giddens.
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