El devenir de la situación laboral docente en el proceso de transferencia del servicio educativo nacional de nivel primario durante la última dictadura argentina. 1976-1981.
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Escuela de Ciencias de la Educación
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Entre 1976 y 1983 la Argentina vivió una dictadura efectuada por las Fuerzas
Armadas y grupos civiles afines siendo el principal, el sector empresarial vinculado a
José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz.
Uno de los pilares de la política educativa dictatorial fue la descentralización de
la educación y la administración escolar. A través de la política de transferencias se
descargó en las provincias el sostenimiento del servicio educativo primario, agravando
los problemas estructurales que este presentaba y favoreciendo a la educación
privada. El contexto de terrorismo de estado posibilitó la concreción de las medidas
al limitar la capacidad de oposición social. Sin embargo, el proceso no estuvo exento
de conflictos y denuncias.
El propósito de este artículo es analizar el proceso de transferencia de escuelas
nacionales de nivel primario a las jurisdicciones provinciales, la Municipalidad de la
Ciudad de Buenos Aires y el Territorio Nacional de Tierra del Fuego efectuado durante
la última dictadura argentina, observando el devenir de la situación laboral docente
en dicho proceso.
El estudio concluye que las transferencias no fueron articuladas con medidas que
acompañaran a las regiones en la resolución de problemas como la deserción escolar
y el deterioro de las condiciones laborales docentes. Por el contrario, los resultados
fuero el cierre de escuelas, la superpoblación de aulas, la pérdida de puestos de trabajo
y la renuncia masiva de docentes
Between 1976 and 1983 Argentina lived a dictatorship conducted by the Armed Forces and compatible civil groups being the main one, the tie enterprise sector to Jose Alfredo Martinez de Hoz. One of the pillars of the dictatorial educative policy was the decentralization of the education and the scholastic administration. Through the policy of transferences the support of primary the educative service unloaded in the provinces, aggravating the structural problems that this presented, displayed and favoring to the private education. The context of state terrorism made possible the concretion of the measures when limiting the capacity of social opposition. Nevertheless, the process was not free of conflicts and denunciations. The intention of this article is to analyze the process of transference of national schools of primary level to the provincial jurisdictions, the Municipality of the City of Buenos Aires and the National Territory of Tierra Del Fuego carried out during the last Argentine dictatorship, observing happening of the elementary teacher labor situation in this process. The study concludes that the transferences were not articulated with measures that accompanied to the regions in the resolution by problems like the scholar desertion and the deterioration by the elementary teacher labor conditions. On the contrary, the results law the closing of schools, the overpopulation of classrooms, the loss of jobs and the massive resignation of elementary teachers.
Between 1976 and 1983 Argentina lived a dictatorship conducted by the Armed Forces and compatible civil groups being the main one, the tie enterprise sector to Jose Alfredo Martinez de Hoz. One of the pillars of the dictatorial educative policy was the decentralization of the education and the scholastic administration. Through the policy of transferences the support of primary the educative service unloaded in the provinces, aggravating the structural problems that this presented, displayed and favoring to the private education. The context of state terrorism made possible the concretion of the measures when limiting the capacity of social opposition. Nevertheless, the process was not free of conflicts and denunciations. The intention of this article is to analyze the process of transference of national schools of primary level to the provincial jurisdictions, the Municipality of the City of Buenos Aires and the National Territory of Tierra Del Fuego carried out during the last Argentine dictatorship, observing happening of the elementary teacher labor situation in this process. The study concludes that the transferences were not articulated with measures that accompanied to the regions in the resolution by problems like the scholar desertion and the deterioration by the elementary teacher labor conditions. On the contrary, the results law the closing of schools, the overpopulation of classrooms, the loss of jobs and the massive resignation of elementary teachers.
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