De la crisis del régimen neo-desarrollista y la hegemonía kirchnerista al triunfo de Cambiemos
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2018
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UNR Editora
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En 2015, Cambiemos derrotó al kirchnerismo,
accediendo al gobierno nacional y estableciendo un punto de inflexión. El artículo se pregunta
¿cuáles fueron las tensiones que hicieron posible
aquel resultado, tanto a nivel del régimen neo-desarrollista como de la construcción hegemónica en que se sustentaba? Para responder a este
interrogante nos proponemos indagar acerca del
cambio de relaciones de fuerzas, desde un enfoque multi-dimensional y multi-escalar, identificando los factores de crisis en los planos de
la acumulación y de la hegemonía, visualizando
distintos límites y contradicciones que coadyuvaron al desgaste del proyecto que dirigió la
Argentina entre 2003 y 2015. Partimos de un
análisis de tres núcleos claves del proceso de
acumulación: las políticas, las variables económicas y las fracciones de clase; daremos cuenta
de la conformación de distintos desequilibrios
como la persistente inflación, la crisis energética, la reticencia inversora, la fuga de capitales,
entre otros, que fueron erosionando las cuentas
públicas y externas, en un contexto de alta extranjerización y concentración que favoreció
la capacidad de veto del gran capital sobre las
iniciativas del kirchnerismo. Asimismo, abordaremos distintos aspectos de la estrategia hegemónica de esta fuerza, su potencia, límites y desgaste, con el fin de gestar una lectura integradora
del período estudiado
In 2015, Cambiemos defeated the Kirchnerism, reaching the national government and establishing a turning point. This article seeks to understand what were the tensions, both at the level of the neo-developmentalist regime and the hegemonic construction on which it was based, that made that result possible. To do this, we propose to investigate the change of relations of force, from a multi-dimensional and multi-scalar approach, identifying the factors of crisis in the facets of accumulation and hegemony, in order to visualize different limits and contradictions that contributed to the erosion of the project that led Argentina between 2003 and 2015. Based on an analysis of the three key cores of the accumulation process: policies, economic variables and class fractions, we will account for the formation of different imbalances such as the persistent inflation, the energy crisis, investment reticence, capital outflow, among others, that were eroding public and external accounts, in a context of high foreignization and concentration that favored the veto capacity of big capital on the initiatives of Kirchnerism. Likewise, we will approach different aspects of the hegemonic strategy of this force, its potency, limits and weathering, in order to create an integrative reading on the period of study
In 2015, Cambiemos defeated the Kirchnerism, reaching the national government and establishing a turning point. This article seeks to understand what were the tensions, both at the level of the neo-developmentalist regime and the hegemonic construction on which it was based, that made that result possible. To do this, we propose to investigate the change of relations of force, from a multi-dimensional and multi-scalar approach, identifying the factors of crisis in the facets of accumulation and hegemony, in order to visualize different limits and contradictions that contributed to the erosion of the project that led Argentina between 2003 and 2015. Based on an analysis of the three key cores of the accumulation process: policies, economic variables and class fractions, we will account for the formation of different imbalances such as the persistent inflation, the energy crisis, investment reticence, capital outflow, among others, that were eroding public and external accounts, in a context of high foreignization and concentration that favored the veto capacity of big capital on the initiatives of Kirchnerism. Likewise, we will approach different aspects of the hegemonic strategy of this force, its potency, limits and weathering, in order to create an integrative reading on the period of study
Palabras clave
Kirchnerismo, Modelo productivo-exportador, Macrismo, Relaciones de fuerza