La cooperación transfronteriza frente al trabajo infantil: desafíos en el bloque regional Mercosur
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El artículo analiza los desafíos que enfrenta el Mercosur para traducir su marco normativo sobre trabajo infantil en políticas territoriales efectivas. Como caso de estudio, se toma la región transfronteriza Posadas-Encarnación. Desde un enfoque cualitativo que combina análisis documental y trabajo de campo, se identificaron tres factores que condicionan la construcción de políticas regionales: (1) la ausencia de marcos metodológicos compartidos y sistemas regionales de información para el monitoreo conjunto; (2) el alcance territorial e institucional limitado de los programas sociales en zonas transfronterizas; y (3) los retos institucionales frente a modalidades emergentes de trabajo infantil en entornos digitales, situaciones que trascienden las definiciones clásicas. Se concluyó que el fortalecimiento de la cooperación intergubernamental y la articulación multinivel resultan indispensables para reducir las brechas entre la cooperación formal y la efectiva, y que las intervenciones deben sustentarse en las capacidades reales de implementación de cada contexto antes que en diagnósticos generales de escasa aplicabilidad territorial.
This article analyses the challenges faced by MERCOSUR in translating its normative framework on child labour into effective territorial policies, taking the cross-border region of Posadas-Encarnación as a case study. Drawing on a qualitative approach that combines documentary analysis and fieldwork, three factors were identified that shape the construction of regional policies: (1) the absence of shared methodological frameworks and regional information systems for joint monitoring; (2) the limited territorial and institutional reach of social programs in crossborder areas; and (3) institutional challenges related to emerging forms of child labour in digital environments, which transcend classical definitions. It was concluded that strengthening intergovernmental cooperation and multilevel articulation are essential to reduce the gaps between formal and effective cooperation, and that interventions must be grounded in the real implementation capacities of each context rather than in general diagnoses of limited territorial applicability
This article analyses the challenges faced by MERCOSUR in translating its normative framework on child labour into effective territorial policies, taking the cross-border region of Posadas-Encarnación as a case study. Drawing on a qualitative approach that combines documentary analysis and fieldwork, three factors were identified that shape the construction of regional policies: (1) the absence of shared methodological frameworks and regional information systems for joint monitoring; (2) the limited territorial and institutional reach of social programs in crossborder areas; and (3) institutional challenges related to emerging forms of child labour in digital environments, which transcend classical definitions. It was concluded that strengthening intergovernmental cooperation and multilevel articulation are essential to reduce the gaps between formal and effective cooperation, and that interventions must be grounded in the real implementation capacities of each context rather than in general diagnoses of limited territorial applicability
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