Ved en trono a la noble igualdad. Soñar con Rousseau en América Latina
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ISHIR (Investigaciones Socio-históricas Regionales). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR)
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El artículo persigue el objetivo de mostrar, resumidamente, la impronta de Jean-Jacques Rousseau en los procesos independentistas latinoamericanos, particularmente su propuesta de una libertad igualitaria, que fue retomada por algunos de los más destacados dirigentes revolucionarios, sobre todo en el área rioplatense, donde Mariano Moreno, Bernardo de Monteagudo y José Artigas aparecieron como los más preclaros y decididos impulsores del pensamiento del ginebrino, el cual, por otra parte, llegó relativamente temprano al continente, donde fue perseguido por el Santo Oficio por postular la soberanía popular y la democracia. El artículo analiza también la relación entre ciudadanía, ciudadano y derecho, a la que no fue ajena la cuestión de género, como también la relación entre ciudadanía y libertad, considerada, por Moreno, como principio fundante de una nueva era, coherente con el proyecto emancipador generado por las proposiciones roussonianas. Finalmente, el artículo, si bien rescata la importancia de las ideas del ginebrino en las luchas por la independencia y por la constitución de un nuevo orden social y político, no deja de advertir el breve tiempo que tuvo la impronta de las mismas, derrotadas por propuestas de orden más moderadas, cuando no conservadoras.
This article offers a brief outlining of the marks made by Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas on Latin American independence processes, particularly the idea of an egalitarian freedom, which was assumed by some of the most outstanding revolutionary leaders. It was mainly so in the Rio de la Plata area, where Mariano Moreno, Bernardo de Monteagudo and José Artigas were the most illustrious and determined driving forces of Rousseau’s thinking, which, moreover, arrived relatively early in the continent, where it was persecuted by the Inquisition because of its ideas of popular sovereignty and democracy. The article also analyzes the relationship between citizenship, citizen and rights, of which gender was not excluded. Also it studies the relationship between citizenship and freedom, which was considered by Moreno as a founding principle of a new era, coherent with the emancipating project generated by rousseaunian propositions. Finally, even when the article underlines the importance of Rousseau’s ideas in the struggle for independence and for the constitution of a new political and social order, it also underlines the short time these ideas survived. They were defeated by ideas of a more moderated order, or even more a conservative one.
This article offers a brief outlining of the marks made by Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas on Latin American independence processes, particularly the idea of an egalitarian freedom, which was assumed by some of the most outstanding revolutionary leaders. It was mainly so in the Rio de la Plata area, where Mariano Moreno, Bernardo de Monteagudo and José Artigas were the most illustrious and determined driving forces of Rousseau’s thinking, which, moreover, arrived relatively early in the continent, where it was persecuted by the Inquisition because of its ideas of popular sovereignty and democracy. The article also analyzes the relationship between citizenship, citizen and rights, of which gender was not excluded. Also it studies the relationship between citizenship and freedom, which was considered by Moreno as a founding principle of a new era, coherent with the emancipating project generated by rousseaunian propositions. Finally, even when the article underlines the importance of Rousseau’s ideas in the struggle for independence and for the constitution of a new political and social order, it also underlines the short time these ideas survived. They were defeated by ideas of a more moderated order, or even more a conservative one.
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