Impacto de las nuevas normativas electorales en Argentina: discusión y análisis de la Ley de Reforma Política 26.571
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En el presente trabajo se analiza la Ley de
Democratización de la Representación Política,
la Transparencia y la Equidad Electoral, sancionada
a fines de 2009 en nuestro país; poniendo
particular énfasis en la normativa de primarias
abiertas, simultáneas y obligatorias (PASO), iniciativa
inspirada en el modelo de Uruguay, donde
se aplica una regla que obliga a todos los partidos
registrados oficialmente a celebrar internas
abiertas simultáneas, reguladas por el organismo
electoral del país.
Aquí consideramos que el principal inconveniente
de la reciente reforma radica en que se
quiere ordenar al siste-ma utilizando el criterio
partidario como elemento organizador, pero
partiendo de principios contradictorios, sustentados
sobre visiones antagónicas respecto de los
partidos políticos; lo cual dificulta una consideración
apropiada de los mismos, tanto en lo
referente a su estructura interna como a su posición
y comportamiento en el marco general de
las instituciones democráticas. En este contexto,
se verá que cuando se pauta un tipo de competencia
despartidizada, sectorial y personalizada,
y se recurre a la totalidad de la ciudadanía para
que se expida en ella, se termina promoviendo
la fragmentación, la inconsistencia interna y la
pérdida de relevancia de los partidos políticos en
la escena electoral
In the present work we analyze the new law of Democratization of Political Representation, Transparency and Electoral Equity, enacted at the end of 2009 in our country. We will focus particularly on the compulsory, simultaneous open primary election law (PASO), an initiative inspired by the Uruguayan model. In Uruguay the rule as applied demands that all officially registered parties hold simultaneous open primary elections, regulated by the electoral organism of the country. Here we examine that the main drawback of the latest reform lies in the fact that it attempts to force the system to use party support as an organizing criterion, but starting from contradictory principles based on antagonistic points of view about political parties, which only hinders a rightful appraisal of them, both in terms of their internal structure as well as their position and behaviour within the general overview of democratic institutions. Thus we shall see that whenever a kind of competition exists that is not party-ruled, personalized or divided into sectors, and the entire citizenry is allowed to participate, the results only promote fragmentation, internal inconsistencies, and loss of relevance of the political parties within the electoral scene
In the present work we analyze the new law of Democratization of Political Representation, Transparency and Electoral Equity, enacted at the end of 2009 in our country. We will focus particularly on the compulsory, simultaneous open primary election law (PASO), an initiative inspired by the Uruguayan model. In Uruguay the rule as applied demands that all officially registered parties hold simultaneous open primary elections, regulated by the electoral organism of the country. Here we examine that the main drawback of the latest reform lies in the fact that it attempts to force the system to use party support as an organizing criterion, but starting from contradictory principles based on antagonistic points of view about political parties, which only hinders a rightful appraisal of them, both in terms of their internal structure as well as their position and behaviour within the general overview of democratic institutions. Thus we shall see that whenever a kind of competition exists that is not party-ruled, personalized or divided into sectors, and the entire citizenry is allowed to participate, the results only promote fragmentation, internal inconsistencies, and loss of relevance of the political parties within the electoral scene