Caracterización fenotípica y molecular del fruto apocárpico en tomate
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Rosario
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La forma del fruto en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) es un carácter de gran
relevancia económica, biológica y evolutiva. La morfología del fruto en la direc ción medio-lateral está controlada principalmente por los genes LC y FAS. El
cultivar “Voyage” presenta un fenotipo único, con frutos apocárpicos. Estudios
previos sugirieron que los loci responsables del fenotipo "Voyage" se localizan
en la base de los cromosomas 6 (ld6) y 11 (ld11). El objetivo de este trabajo fue
caracterizar morfológica y molecularmente poblaciones segregantes derivadas
del cruzamiento entre “Voyage” de S. lycopersicum y la isolínea LA1589 de
Solanum pimpinellifolium, que porta los alelos cultivados en los genes FAS y LC.
Las poblaciones segregantes desarrolladas incluyen la segunda generación filial
(F2), autofecundación de la retrocruza RC1 y RC2, que presentan diversas com binaciones alélicas para los determinantes del fruto apocárpico. Los valores de
heredabilidad en sentido amplio (H²) hallados variaron entre valores bajos y altos
según la familia y el carácter analizado, siendo el mayor valor registrado en la
variable "altura". El carácter tipo de carpelo no segregó de forma mendeliana en
ninguna familia, aunque en las familias 23P4 y 23P6 se ajustó a lo esperado en
una generación de RC2. En el análisis molecular, la interacción entre los marca dores ld6 y FAS fue significativa para las variables ancho, alto y grado de irregu laridad en la familia 23P3, siendo esta última variable altamente significativa. En
conclusión, el locus FAS y la región genómica asociada al marcador PTZ14 in fluyen en el grado de irregularidad del fruto en el contexto genético de S. pimpi nellifolium, aunque no son suficientes para explicar toda la variabilidad obser vada en el carácter.
The fruit shape in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a trait of great economic, biological, and evolutionary significance. Fruit morphology in the medio-lateral direction is primarily controlled by the LC and FAS genes. The cultivar "Voyage" exhibits a unique phenotype within the tomato germplasm, characterized by apocarpic fruits. Previous studies have suggested that the genetic determinants or loci underlying the "Voyage" phenotype are located at the base of chromosomes 6 (ld6) and 11 (ld11). The aim of the study was to morphologically and molecularly characterize segregating populations derived from the cross between the "Voyage" cultivar of S. lycopersicum and the LA1589 isogenic line of Solanum pimpinellifolium, which carries the cultivated alleles of the FAS and LC genes. The developed segregating populations included second filial generation (F2), RC1 (first backcross), its self-fertilized and second (RC2) backcross generation, which exhibit extensive allelic combinations for the genetic determinants of apocarpic fruit. Broad-sense heritability (H²) values ranged from low to high depending on the family and the trait analyzed. The highest H² value was observed for fruit height. The trait related to carpel type did not segregate in a mendelian proportion in any family. However, in families 23P4 and 23P6, segregation followed the expected pattern for an RC2 generation. In the molecular analysis, the interaction between ld6 and FAS was significant for fruit width, height, and lobedness degree (LD) in family 23P3 with LD being highly significant. In conclusion, the FAS locus and the genomic region associated with the PTZ14 marker influence the LD in the genetic context of S. pimpinellifolium. However, they are not enough to explain all the variability observed in the trait.
The fruit shape in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a trait of great economic, biological, and evolutionary significance. Fruit morphology in the medio-lateral direction is primarily controlled by the LC and FAS genes. The cultivar "Voyage" exhibits a unique phenotype within the tomato germplasm, characterized by apocarpic fruits. Previous studies have suggested that the genetic determinants or loci underlying the "Voyage" phenotype are located at the base of chromosomes 6 (ld6) and 11 (ld11). The aim of the study was to morphologically and molecularly characterize segregating populations derived from the cross between the "Voyage" cultivar of S. lycopersicum and the LA1589 isogenic line of Solanum pimpinellifolium, which carries the cultivated alleles of the FAS and LC genes. The developed segregating populations included second filial generation (F2), RC1 (first backcross), its self-fertilized and second (RC2) backcross generation, which exhibit extensive allelic combinations for the genetic determinants of apocarpic fruit. Broad-sense heritability (H²) values ranged from low to high depending on the family and the trait analyzed. The highest H² value was observed for fruit height. The trait related to carpel type did not segregate in a mendelian proportion in any family. However, in families 23P4 and 23P6, segregation followed the expected pattern for an RC2 generation. In the molecular analysis, the interaction between ld6 and FAS was significant for fruit width, height, and lobedness degree (LD) in family 23P3 with LD being highly significant. In conclusion, the FAS locus and the genomic region associated with the PTZ14 marker influence the LD in the genetic context of S. pimpinellifolium. However, they are not enough to explain all the variability observed in the trait.
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