El “arquetipo mujer” de los derechos humanos de las mujeres. Aportes desde una revisión feminista
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios sobre las Mujeres. Maestría "Poder y Sociedad desde la Problemática de Género"
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En este trabajo analizamos algunas experiencias de vida de las mujeres que no quedan reflejadas en el sujeto que sustenta las formulaciones de los derechos humanos y al cual se dirige la protección a través de las normativas, de las políticas públicas, etc. Los feminismos han demostrado que ese sujeto hegemónico no es neutral al género, a la clase, a la “raza”, entre otras categorías. Ese sujeto recoge las experiencias de vida de los varones, heterosexuales, blancos y propietarios. Por tanto, las mujeres hemos necesitado obtener instrumentos y políticas públicas específicas de protección. Ello se debe a que las mujeres estamos constituidas como la “otredad” respecto de ese sujeto que devino hegemónico. Sin embargo, hacia adentro de la categoría “mujeres”, se producen jerarquías en el campo de la protección, ya que también esos instrumentos específicos dirigidos a las mujeres construyen un tipo ideal de mujer, sujeto de protección. En consecuencia, las categorías de orientación sexual, clase y “raza” no son consideradas adecuadamente para la protección de los derechos de todas las mujeres.
From a critical feminist perspective, this work analyzes some legal instruments protecting women's right to a life free from violence and gender-based discrimination, revealing the characteristics of the subject "woman" upon which norms and international jurisprudence are built. Feminisms have shown that the hegemonic category of "rights holder" is not neutral to gender, class, “race”, and sexuality. This category collects the life experiences of men, heterosexuals, whites, and owners. Therefore, women have needed to obtain specific protection instruments and public policies, insofar as they constitute the "otherness" of that hegemony, a consequence of the asymmetries produced by the gender system. However, from the broadened view provided by different feminist perspectives, we reveal hierarchies when considering the protection of women. We note that some women's characteristics are veiled in the intersection of certain conditions while others are explicitly stated, constructing an ideal type of woman. This ideal is not referred to as such but would constitute the basis of the protection of women. Consequently, we understand that the categories of sexuality, class, and “race” are not adequately considered to protect all women's rights.
From a critical feminist perspective, this work analyzes some legal instruments protecting women's right to a life free from violence and gender-based discrimination, revealing the characteristics of the subject "woman" upon which norms and international jurisprudence are built. Feminisms have shown that the hegemonic category of "rights holder" is not neutral to gender, class, “race”, and sexuality. This category collects the life experiences of men, heterosexuals, whites, and owners. Therefore, women have needed to obtain specific protection instruments and public policies, insofar as they constitute the "otherness" of that hegemony, a consequence of the asymmetries produced by the gender system. However, from the broadened view provided by different feminist perspectives, we reveal hierarchies when considering the protection of women. We note that some women's characteristics are veiled in the intersection of certain conditions while others are explicitly stated, constructing an ideal type of woman. This ideal is not referred to as such but would constitute the basis of the protection of women. Consequently, we understand that the categories of sexuality, class, and “race” are not adequately considered to protect all women's rights.
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