De la inmunovigilancia al escape tumoral: Historia de un enemigo con múltiples estrategias de resistencia y contra-ataque

Tumors must circumvent the immune response of the host to become clinically detectable. For this purpose, malignant cells have devised multiple strategies to thwart immune attack. These mechanisms are suggested to conspire in advanced stages of cancer to limit the ability of the immune system to restrain the tumor and the effectiveness of immunotherapy strategies to successfully eradicate malignant cells. From tumor biology to cancer immunotherapy and back again, we will summarize here some of the most important mechanisms used by tumors to evade the immune response and their potential impact in the design of cancer immunotherapy strategies.