Diseñando la Nación: Jóvenes becados por el gobierno a Europa, su contribución en la construcción del Chile de inicios del siglo XX
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2018-01
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Escuela de Historia.
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El decreto del 31 de Octubre de 1888 marcó un antes y un después en lo referido a la subvención educativa para jóvenes chilenos en Europa, pues es a partir de esta norma jurídica que se oficializó este tema mediante el reglamento sobre el envío de estudiantes a perfeccionarse en el extranjero, con el objetivo que, gracias a los conocimientos adquiridos, pudiesen a su regreso contribuir a la conformación de una nación más fortalecida. Este artículo da cuenta de todo el proceso de pensiones desde sus orígenes a mediados del siglo XIX, hasta inicios del siglo XX. Se pone especial atención en cómo las políticas públicas que se fueron implementando con el paso de los años, bajo la influencia de diferentes factores; tanto de las decisiones gubernamentales, del ideario de los intelectuales, de las modas de la oligarquía y de la experiencia adquiridas por los primeros pensionados, contribuyeron al establecimiento de un sistema de base para la subvención becaria en el país. Lo precedente, generó aportes de conocimientos específicos en diferentes áreas del quehacer profesional, tanto jurídicas, artísticas como científicas, que propiciaron hacer de Chile, de los inicios del siglo XX una nación consolidada.
The decree of October 31st, 1888, was a turning point for the educational subsidy given to young Chileans in Europe, because from this legal standard on, this issue was made official with a regulation of students going for advanced education abroad, with the objective of thanks to the knowledge acquired, they could, on their return, contribute to the formation of a stronger nation. This article accounts for complete scholarship process, from its origins in the midnineteenth century until the early twentieth century. Special attention was focused on how public policies that were implemented over the years, under the influence of different factors; both governmental decisions, as well as the ideas of the intellectuals, the oligarchy fashions and the experience acquired by the first scholarship holders, contributed to the creation of a basic system for the scholarship subsidy in the country. Before mentioned meant specific knowledge contributions in different areas of professional work, both legal, artistic and scientific, which contributed for Chile, of the early twentieth century, to be a consolidated nation.
The decree of October 31st, 1888, was a turning point for the educational subsidy given to young Chileans in Europe, because from this legal standard on, this issue was made official with a regulation of students going for advanced education abroad, with the objective of thanks to the knowledge acquired, they could, on their return, contribute to the formation of a stronger nation. This article accounts for complete scholarship process, from its origins in the midnineteenth century until the early twentieth century. Special attention was focused on how public policies that were implemented over the years, under the influence of different factors; both governmental decisions, as well as the ideas of the intellectuals, the oligarchy fashions and the experience acquired by the first scholarship holders, contributed to the creation of a basic system for the scholarship subsidy in the country. Before mentioned meant specific knowledge contributions in different areas of professional work, both legal, artistic and scientific, which contributed for Chile, of the early twentieth century, to be a consolidated nation.
Palabras clave
Beca de estudios, Gobierno de Chile, Europa, Jóvenes estudiantes, Scholarships, Chilean Government, Europe