Paternalismo industrial, empresa extranjera y campamentos mineros en América Latina: un esfuerzo de historia laboral y transnacional
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Fecha
2013
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ISHIR (Investigaciones Socio-históricas Regionales). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR)
Resumen
Descripción
El presente trabajo analiza las prácticas paternalistas desarrolladas por los empresarios industriales y mineros latinoamericanos durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. Desde la perspectiva de la historia del trabajo y de los recientes debates sobre lo transnacional, este artículo busca reflexionar en torno a los elementos comunes del paternalismo industrial a lo largo del continente así como su impacto en la configuración de las relaciones laborales. A partir de este análisis, se plantea la importancia que tuvo el paternalismo como ideología patronal y símbolo de modernidad y progreso que buscaba crear una mano de obra eficiente y productiva. A pesar de los amplios beneficios sociales y de la construcción de modernas villas obreras y campamentos mineros, el paternalismo industrial en América Latina no desplazó las tradiciones más represivas del empresariado ni logró controlar a los trabajadores.
This article analyzes the history of paternalism and welfare capitalism in Latin American mines and industries during the first half of the twentieth century. From the perspective of labor history and the recent debates about transnational history, this article examines the similarities among different experiences of welfare capitalism as well as its impact on labor relations. Building on this analysis, it argues the importance of welfare capitalism as a managerial ideology and symbol of modernity and progress that sought to create an efficient and productive labor force. Despite the wide range of social benefits and the building of modern working-class neighborhoods and mining camps, Latin American welfare capitalism never displaced repressive practices and, as a result, was unable to shape the labor force.
This article analyzes the history of paternalism and welfare capitalism in Latin American mines and industries during the first half of the twentieth century. From the perspective of labor history and the recent debates about transnational history, this article examines the similarities among different experiences of welfare capitalism as well as its impact on labor relations. Building on this analysis, it argues the importance of welfare capitalism as a managerial ideology and symbol of modernity and progress that sought to create an efficient and productive labor force. Despite the wide range of social benefits and the building of modern working-class neighborhoods and mining camps, Latin American welfare capitalism never displaced repressive practices and, as a result, was unable to shape the labor force.
Palabras clave
Paternalismo industrial, Campamento minero, Historia trasnacional, Empresarios, Welfare capitalism, Mining camps, Trasnational history