Víctimas y victimarios: Clitemnestra y la figura del authéntes en Ifigenia en Áulide.
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Escuela de Letras. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Universidad Nacional de Rosario
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En el final de Ifigenia en
Áulide solo Clitemnestra duda de la
sustitución del cuerpo de su hija por
una cierva. Acudieron engañadas a una
boda con Aquiles que devendría
sacrificio a Ártemis. La madre revela
entonces que este es el segundo crimen
de Agamenón contra un hijo suyo: al
matar a su primer marido también mata
a su hijo separándolo del pecho y
estrellándolo contra el suelo.
Agamenón entabla con su esposa una
relación de authéntes (vínculo que los
griegos reconocen entre quienes tienen
muertos asesinados en común) que se
repetirá en el sacrificio de Ifigenia. Esta
imagen inesperada de Clitemnestra
como víctima desde el inicio de su
relación con el Atrida subraya la
importancia de la muerte de Ifigenia
como factor de transformación de una
madre virtuosa en mujer adúltera y
criminal.
At the end of Iphigenia at Aulis only Clytemnestra calls into question the replacement of her daughter’s body with a hind. They came deceived to a wedding with Achilles which would turn into a sacrifice to Artemis. The mother then reveals that this was the second crime of Agamemnon against a son of hers: when he had slayed her first husband, he also had killed her son pulling him out of her breast and slamming him against the soil. Agamemnon keeps with his wife a relation of authéntes, bond that Greeks recognize between persons that share murdered people in common and that will be renewed by Iphigenia’s sacrifice. This unexpected image of Clytemnestra as a victim from the beginning of her relationship with the Atreides underlines the importance of Iphigenia’s death as a factor of transformation of a virtuous mother into an adulterous and criminal woman.
At the end of Iphigenia at Aulis only Clytemnestra calls into question the replacement of her daughter’s body with a hind. They came deceived to a wedding with Achilles which would turn into a sacrifice to Artemis. The mother then reveals that this was the second crime of Agamemnon against a son of hers: when he had slayed her first husband, he also had killed her son pulling him out of her breast and slamming him against the soil. Agamemnon keeps with his wife a relation of authéntes, bond that Greeks recognize between persons that share murdered people in common and that will be renewed by Iphigenia’s sacrifice. This unexpected image of Clytemnestra as a victim from the beginning of her relationship with the Atreides underlines the importance of Iphigenia’s death as a factor of transformation of a virtuous mother into an adulterous and criminal woman.
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