Un “Sistema Luminoso" para el ama de casa. Avatares del discurso de la racionalización del espacio y el trabajo doméstico en Argentina, 1930-1960
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Fecha
2011
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Escuela de Historia
Resumen
Descripción
El discurso de la racionalización del trabajo doméstico tuvo su origen en los
Estados Unidos, en un escenario en el que diferentes mujeres buscaron
distintas soluciones para disminuir tiempo y esfuerzo implicados en las
tareas del hogar. A pesar de que las propuestas fueron diversas, buena
parte de ellas se apoyaron en un rediseño del espacio del hogar, y en
particular de la cocina. Las más cercanas a las de la taylorización de las
tareas de la casa y a la racionalización del espacio doméstico fueron las
que tuvieron mayor éxito. En la Argentina, los motivos de la racionalización
ganaron fuerza desde mediados de los años treinta en distintos espacios
discursivos, alcanzando un punto cúlmine en los años cincuenta. En este
artículo exploro los avatares sufridos por ese discurso al llegar al medio
local y las transformaciones que se le imprimieron en textos construidos
para públicos diferentes, utilizando un corpus constituido por distintas
publicaciones. Este artículo busca ser un aporte al estudio de la historia del
trabajo doméstico, a partir del análisis de uno de los discursos que ha
buscado regularlo en un período en que las condiciones materiales en las
que era realizado cambiaron profundamente.
The discourse of Housework rationalization was first developed in the United States, in scenery in which many Women were looking for ways of reducing time and effort spent in it. Although their proposals were diverse, most of them implied new designs of the domestic space, and particularly of the kitchen. The most successful ones were those which were closer to the taylorization of Housework. In Argentina, the motifs of rationalization gained relevance since the 1930s in different discursive spaces. In this article, I explore the vicissitudes of this discourse when it reached the Argentinean public, and the transformations it suffered in texts addressed to different readers, through the analysis of a corpus constituted by a variety of publications. My major aim in this article is to make a contribution to the history of Housework, studying one of the discourses that tried to regulate it in a period in which its material conditions changed deeply.
The discourse of Housework rationalization was first developed in the United States, in scenery in which many Women were looking for ways of reducing time and effort spent in it. Although their proposals were diverse, most of them implied new designs of the domestic space, and particularly of the kitchen. The most successful ones were those which were closer to the taylorization of Housework. In Argentina, the motifs of rationalization gained relevance since the 1930s in different discursive spaces. In this article, I explore the vicissitudes of this discourse when it reached the Argentinean public, and the transformations it suffered in texts addressed to different readers, through the analysis of a corpus constituted by a variety of publications. My major aim in this article is to make a contribution to the history of Housework, studying one of the discourses that tried to regulate it in a period in which its material conditions changed deeply.
Palabras clave
Trabajo doméstico, Espacio doméstico, Género, Racionalización, Housework, Domestic space, Gender