A general reaction mechanism for carbapenem hydrolysis by mononuclear and binuclear metallo-β-lactamases
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Nature
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Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae threaten human health, since carbapenems are
last resort drugs for infections by such organisms. Metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) are the main
mechanism of resistance against carbapenems. Clinically approved inhibitors of MBLs are
currently unavailable as design has been limited by the incomplete knowledge of their
mechanism. Here, we report a biochemical and biophysical study of carbapenem hydrolysis
by the B1 enzymes NDM-1 and BcII in the bi-Zn(II) form, the mono-Zn(II) B2 Sfh-I and the
mono-Zn(II) B3 GOB-18. These MβLs hydrolyse carbapenems via a similar mechanism, with
accumulation of the same anionic intermediates. We characterize the Michaelis complex
formed by mono-Zn(II) enzymes, and we identify all intermediate species, enabling us to
propose a chemical mechanism for mono and binuclear MβLs. This common mechanism
open avenues for rationally designed inhibitors of all MβLs, notwithstanding the profound
differences between these enzymes’ active site structure, β-lactam specificity and metal
content.
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