This article aims to analyze and identify the polítical, social, and security reasons that contributed to thepower vacuum that engulfed Iraq in the years following the phenomenon of the Arab Spring, whichplayed a crucial role in the seizure of territories by the jihadist group Islamic State in Iraq (ISIS). Theselected time period (2011-2017) begins with the protests in Iraq that emerged in the context of theuprisings known as the Arab Spring in the Middle East and North Africa region, while the culminationpoint is in December 2017, when Iraq announced its triumph and the recovery of areas that had beencaptured and occupied years earlier by the jihadist group.To achieve this objective, a compilation and systematic organization of literature is conducted, includingofficial documents. Additionally, articles from scientific journals, books or their chapters, paperspresented at conferences, reports from research centers, as well as notes and journalistic articles fromIraqi, regional, and international media are utilized.