La relación bilateral México-Brasil y el asilo diplomático en los primeros años del régimen militar brasileño
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Sección Historia. Instituto Superior de Profesorado N°3. Villa Constitución, Argentina
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La descomposición de la relación bilateral México-Brasil que se dio a raíz del golpe de estado que depuso al presidente João Goulart (1964), afectó la aplicación del derecho de asilo a través de una serie de presiones que ejerció el gobierno militar sobre la embajada mexicana en Río de Janeiro, particularmente en los primeros años de la dictadura. Por otro lado, la recomposición de las relaciones diplomáticas con el régimen militar que impulsó Gustavo Díaz Ordaz a su llegada a la Presidencia de México, y la buena relación que se propuso mantener con éste a lo largo de su sexenio, implicó un discreto pero real endurecimiento de la tradicional política de asilo que distinguió a la política exterior mexicana a lo largo del siglo XX. Con base en documentación diplomática y testimonios orales, se muestra el incumplimiento del gobierno militar brasileño de los compromisos interamericanos vigentes y de la promesa de seguir una escrupulosa política de no intervención en los asuntos internos de otros Estados. A la vez, se pone luz sobre una singular aplicación de la política de asilo que de manera muy discreta se llevó a cabo durante el gobierno de Díaz Ordaz.
The breakdown of the Mexico-Brazil bilateral relationship that occurred as a result of the coup that deposed President João Goulart en1964, affected the application of the right to asylum through a series of pressures that the military government exerted on the embassy Mexican in Rio de Janeiro, particulary in the early years of the dictatorship. On the other hand, the recomposition of diplomatic relations with the military regime that Gustavo Díaz Ordaz promoted upon his arrival to the Presidency of Mexico, and the good relationship that he proposed to maintain with him throughout his six-year term, implied a discreet but real hardening of the traditional asylum policy that distinguished Mexican foreign policy throughout the 20th century. Based on diplomatic documentation and oral testimony, the Brazilian military government fails to comply with current inter-American commitments and the promise to follow a scrupulous policy of non-intervention in the internal affairs of other states. At the same time, light is shed on a unique application of the asylum policy that was carried out very discreetly during the Díaz Ordaz government.
The breakdown of the Mexico-Brazil bilateral relationship that occurred as a result of the coup that deposed President João Goulart en1964, affected the application of the right to asylum through a series of pressures that the military government exerted on the embassy Mexican in Rio de Janeiro, particulary in the early years of the dictatorship. On the other hand, the recomposition of diplomatic relations with the military regime that Gustavo Díaz Ordaz promoted upon his arrival to the Presidency of Mexico, and the good relationship that he proposed to maintain with him throughout his six-year term, implied a discreet but real hardening of the traditional asylum policy that distinguished Mexican foreign policy throughout the 20th century. Based on diplomatic documentation and oral testimony, the Brazilian military government fails to comply with current inter-American commitments and the promise to follow a scrupulous policy of non-intervention in the internal affairs of other states. At the same time, light is shed on a unique application of the asylum policy that was carried out very discreetly during the Díaz Ordaz government.
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