Análisis de caudales del Río Paraná y contextualización de las bajantes en los años hidrológicos 2019/20, 2020/21 Y 2021/22
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura. Centro Universitario Rosario de Investigaciones Hidroambientales.
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En este artículo se presenta el análisis de caudales del río Paraná, a escala temporal diaria, mensual, anual y plurianual; considerando los caudales medios diarios encauzados correspondientes a la serie de años hidrológicos 1904/05-2021/22, observados en la sección de aforos Timbúes. En dicho marco, se contextualizan y caracterizan las bajantes registradas en los años hidrológicos 2019/20, 2020/21 y 2021/22.Se observa un incremento de los caudales a partir del inicio de los años ’70. Los caudales medios diarios mínimos anuales eran mucho más frecuentes antes del año hidrológico 1971/72; lo contrario ocurre con los correspondientes caudales máximos. El hidrograma medio anual de la sub-serie 1971/72-2021/22, es mayor y muestra menor diferencia entre el caudal máximo y mínimo que el de 1904/05-1970/71. El caudal módulo anual en la sub-serie 1904/05-1970/71 es de 14168 m3/s y en la sub-serie 1971/72-2021/22 es de 17493 m3/s, es decir, se observa un incremento de 3325 m3/s a partir del año 1971/72. En tal contexto se verifican las bajantes de los años hidrológicos 2019/20, 2020/21 y 2021/22, las cuales presentan anomalías negativas de caudales medios anuales iguales a -5253 m3/s (2019/20), -7034m3/s (2020/21) y -7521m3/s (2021/22), es decir, las mayores anomalías negativas del río Paraná en los 118 años con registros aquí considerados.
This paper presents the flow analysis of the Paraná River, on a daily, monthly, annual and multi-annual time scale; considering the average daily flows corresponding to the series of hydrological years 1904/05-2021/22, observed in the main channel at Timbúes gauging section. In said framework, the low flows registered in the hydrological years 2019/20, 2020/21 and 2021/22 are characterized. An increase in flows is observed from the beginning of the 1970s. Annual minimum daily mean flows were much more frequent before the hydrological year 1971/72; the opposite occurs with the corresponding maximum flows. The mean annual hydrograph of the 1971/72-2021/22 sub-series is higher and shows less difference between the maximum and minimum flow than that of 1904/05-1970/71. The annual module flow in the sub-series 1904/05-1970/71 is 14168 m3/s and in the sub-series 1971/72-2021/22 it is 17493 m3/s, that is, an increase of 3325 m3/s is observed from the year 1971/72. In this context, the low flows of the hydrological years 2019/20, 2020/21 and 2021/22 are verified, which present negative anomalies of annual average flows equal to -5253 m3/s (2019/20), -7034 m3/s (2020/21) and -7521 m3/s (2021/22), that is, the largest negative anomalies of the Paraná River in the 118 years with records considered here.
This paper presents the flow analysis of the Paraná River, on a daily, monthly, annual and multi-annual time scale; considering the average daily flows corresponding to the series of hydrological years 1904/05-2021/22, observed in the main channel at Timbúes gauging section. In said framework, the low flows registered in the hydrological years 2019/20, 2020/21 and 2021/22 are characterized. An increase in flows is observed from the beginning of the 1970s. Annual minimum daily mean flows were much more frequent before the hydrological year 1971/72; the opposite occurs with the corresponding maximum flows. The mean annual hydrograph of the 1971/72-2021/22 sub-series is higher and shows less difference between the maximum and minimum flow than that of 1904/05-1970/71. The annual module flow in the sub-series 1904/05-1970/71 is 14168 m3/s and in the sub-series 1971/72-2021/22 it is 17493 m3/s, that is, an increase of 3325 m3/s is observed from the year 1971/72. In this context, the low flows of the hydrological years 2019/20, 2020/21 and 2021/22 are verified, which present negative anomalies of annual average flows equal to -5253 m3/s (2019/20), -7034 m3/s (2020/21) and -7521 m3/s (2021/22), that is, the largest negative anomalies of the Paraná River in the 118 years with records considered here.
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