Introducción al análisis del flujo a través de bifurcaciones en canales con escurrimiento a superficie libre
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura. Centro Universitario Rosario de Investigaciones Hidroambientales.
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Las estructuras hidráulicas de bifurcación, ampliamente utilizadas en escurrimientos a superficie libre, permiten dividir el flujo que arriba a un sitio en dos o más porciones. Este estudio comprende una revisión bibliográfica en la temática y la aplicación correspondiente al prediseño de una estructura de división de flujo: una bifurcación en el sistema hídrico Ludueña-Ibarlucea (Rosario, Argentina) cuyo objeto es derivar caudales desde los cursos superficiales hacia un sistema de conductos cerrados a construir, denominado Aliviador 3 Ramal Grandoli. Se llegó a describir el mecanismo hidráulico que permite la derivación de la mitad del caudal transportado por el Canal Ibarlucea a través de un canal de la mitad de su ancho y con una pendiente de fondo mínima, de manera de cumplir una limitación de número de Froude implícita en el modelo utilizado. Asimismo, se calcularon los coeficientes de pérdida de energía asociados. A través de la metodología presentada se constata que es posible determinar un conjunto de características geométricas de utilidad para el diseño preliminar, dejándose en claro que para el diseño completo de tal estructura hidráulica resulta necesario recurrir al estudio experimental mediante modelación física a fin de obtener una descripción más precisa del flujo.
Hydraulic structures of bifurcation, widely used on superficial flow, allow the division of the approaching discharge into two or more portions. This study comprises a bibliographic review on the subject and the ap-plication of a theoretical model for the preliminary design of a flow division structure: a bifurcation in the water system Ibarlucea-Ludueña (Rosario, Argentina) which aims to derive flow from superficial courses to a closed conduit system to construct, called Aliviador 3 Ramal Grandoli. It was described the hydraulic mechanism that allows the division of half the flow transported by the Ibarlucea channel through a channel of the middle of its width and with a minimum slope, so as to satisfy a limitation on the Froude number (implicit in the used model). In addition, associated energy loss coefficients were computed. It was verified that it is possible to determine a set of geometric features providing the preliminary design of the flow division work through the methodology presented in this paper, although it is clearly stated that to address the complete design of such a hydraulic structure it would be necessary to address experimental study by physically modeling the hydraulic structure for a more accurate flow description.
Hydraulic structures of bifurcation, widely used on superficial flow, allow the division of the approaching discharge into two or more portions. This study comprises a bibliographic review on the subject and the ap-plication of a theoretical model for the preliminary design of a flow division structure: a bifurcation in the water system Ibarlucea-Ludueña (Rosario, Argentina) which aims to derive flow from superficial courses to a closed conduit system to construct, called Aliviador 3 Ramal Grandoli. It was described the hydraulic mechanism that allows the division of half the flow transported by the Ibarlucea channel through a channel of the middle of its width and with a minimum slope, so as to satisfy a limitation on the Froude number (implicit in the used model). In addition, associated energy loss coefficients were computed. It was verified that it is possible to determine a set of geometric features providing the preliminary design of the flow division work through the methodology presented in this paper, although it is clearly stated that to address the complete design of such a hydraulic structure it would be necessary to address experimental study by physically modeling the hydraulic structure for a more accurate flow description.
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