GÉNERO Y TECNOLOGÍA EN EL MERCADO LABORAL ARGENTINO: EVIDENCIA A PARTIR DEL CONTENIDO OCUPACIONAL
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Este trabajo analiza los determinantes de la inserción en ocupaciones tecnológicamente intensivas en Argentina, con énfasis en el rol del nivel educativo y las brechas de género. Utilizando microdatos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (EPH), se construye una medida de intensidad tecnológica basada en el Clasificador Nacional de Ocupaciones (CNO 2001). La estrategia empírica combina análisis descriptivos ponderados con modelos de elección binaria que incorporan interacciones entre género y educación, y considera diferencias territoriales entre el total de aglomerados y el Aglomerado Gran Rosario. Los resultados muestran que el nivel educativo es el principal determinante de la inserción tecnológica. Sin embargo, los retornos de la educación son menores para las mujeres, lo que evidencia la persistencia de desigualdades en el acceso a ocupaciones informatizadas. Asimismo, se identifican diferencias territoriales relevantes. En conjunto, los resultados subrayan la necesidad de políticas que reduzcan las brechas de género y las desigualdades territoriales en el mercado laboral.
This paper analyzes the determinants of employment in technologically intensive occupations in Argentina, with a focus on the role of educational attainment and gender gaps. Using microdata from the Permanent Household Survey (EPH), a measure of technological intensity is constructed based on the National Classification of Occupations (CNO 2001). The empirical strategy combines weighted descriptive analysis with binary choice models that incorporate interactions between gender and education, and considers territorial differences between the total of urban agglomerations and Greater Rosario. The results show that education is the main determinant of technological employment, exhibiting a strong positive gradient. However, the returns to education are lower for women, highlighting the persistence of gender inequalities in access to computerized occupations. Additionally, relevant territorial differences are identified. Overall, the findings emphasize the need for policies aimed at reducing gender gaps and regional inequalities in the labor market.
This paper analyzes the determinants of employment in technologically intensive occupations in Argentina, with a focus on the role of educational attainment and gender gaps. Using microdata from the Permanent Household Survey (EPH), a measure of technological intensity is constructed based on the National Classification of Occupations (CNO 2001). The empirical strategy combines weighted descriptive analysis with binary choice models that incorporate interactions between gender and education, and considers territorial differences between the total of urban agglomerations and Greater Rosario. The results show that education is the main determinant of technological employment, exhibiting a strong positive gradient. However, the returns to education are lower for women, highlighting the persistence of gender inequalities in access to computerized occupations. Additionally, relevant territorial differences are identified. Overall, the findings emphasize the need for policies aimed at reducing gender gaps and regional inequalities in the labor market.
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