Efecto de la densidad de alojamiento y la zona del galpón sobre el peso corporal de pollos de engorde
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Dirección de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional Asunción, Paraguay
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La densidad de alojamiento representa un factor de impacto sobre la rentabilidad avícola. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos de la densidad de alojamiento y la zona del galpón sobre el desempeño productivo de pollos parrilleros machos y hembras. Se trabajó con 54.000 pollos Cobb500® alojados en galpones oscurecidos bajo dos densidades: estándar (14 pollos/m2) y reducida (12 pollos/m2). Se definieron tres zonas: Extractores, Intermedia y Paneles. No se observó efecto de la interacción densidad por zona del galpón sobre el peso final en machos (p=0,574) ni en hembras (p=0,338). Independientemente de la zona, tanto los machos como las hembras bajo densidad reducida fueron más pesados (Machos: 3.265 vs 3.006 g.; Hembras: 2.653 vs. 2535 g; p<0,0001). Los machos de la zona Paneles fueron más pesados al finalizar el ciclo, en tanto que las hembras no mostraron diferencias significativas (Machos: Extractores: 3.086 g; Intermedia: 3.103 g; Paneles: 3.218 g; p<0,0001. Hembras: Extractores: 2.563 g; Intermedia: 2.552 g; Paneles: 2.652,5 g; p>0,05). La disminución de la densidad produjo mejoras en el peso final. La zona del galpón afectó el peso final de los machos. Pese al menor desempeño individual, la mayor densidad permitió obtener una mayor producción de kg de pollo por metro cuadrado.
ABSTRACT. Stocking density represents a central factor on poultry profitability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of stocking density and house section on the productive performance of male and female broilers. Cobb500® chickens were housed in two darkened houses under two densities: standard (14 chickens/m2) and reduced (12 chickens/m2). Three zones were defined: Extractors, Intermediate and Panels. No effect of density per zone interaction was observed on final weight in males (p= 0.574) and females (p= 0.338). Regardless of the zone, both males and females were heavier (Males: 3,265 vs. 3,006 g; Females: 2,653 vs. 2535 g; p <0.0001) under reduced density. Males from the Panels zone were heavier at the end of the cycle, while the females were not different (Males: Extractors: 3,086 g; Intermediate: 3,103 g; Panels: 3,218 g; p <0.0001. Females: Extractors: 2,563 g; Intermediate: 2,552 g; Panels: 2,652.5 g; p> 0,05). The decrease in stocking density improved final weight. House section affected the final weight of the male chickens. Despite the lower individual performance, the higher density allowed to obtain a higher production in kg of chicken meat per m2.
ABSTRACT. Stocking density represents a central factor on poultry profitability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of stocking density and house section on the productive performance of male and female broilers. Cobb500® chickens were housed in two darkened houses under two densities: standard (14 chickens/m2) and reduced (12 chickens/m2). Three zones were defined: Extractors, Intermediate and Panels. No effect of density per zone interaction was observed on final weight in males (p= 0.574) and females (p= 0.338). Regardless of the zone, both males and females were heavier (Males: 3,265 vs. 3,006 g; Females: 2,653 vs. 2535 g; p <0.0001) under reduced density. Males from the Panels zone were heavier at the end of the cycle, while the females were not different (Males: Extractors: 3,086 g; Intermediate: 3,103 g; Panels: 3,218 g; p <0.0001. Females: Extractors: 2,563 g; Intermediate: 2,552 g; Panels: 2,652.5 g; p> 0,05). The decrease in stocking density improved final weight. House section affected the final weight of the male chickens. Despite the lower individual performance, the higher density allowed to obtain a higher production in kg of chicken meat per m2.
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