El TPP-11: Oportunidades y desafíos para el regionalismo sudamericano
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2018-06
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El Tratado Integral y Progresista de Asociación Transpacífico (CPTPP), coloquialmente conocido como “TPP-11”, firmado el 8 de marzo de 2018, retoma el proyecto iniciado con el Acuerdo Transpacífico de Cooperación Económica (TPP), luego de la salida de Estados Unidos.
Esta iniciativa ciertamente inicia un nuevo capítulo en las relaciones comerciales internacionales, dado que no sólo supone una modificación de las matrices de relacionamientos externos de los países implicados, sino que también conlleva la creación y armonización de un importante conjunto de normativas, reglas y estándares relativos a comercio, inversiones, reglas de origen, innovación tecnológica, el cuidado del medio ambiente, protección laboral, y equidad de género, entre otras áreas.
Frente a este escenario, es pertinente reflexionar acerca de cuán preparado está el regionalismo sudamericano para responder a cambios sistémicos como los generados por mega acuerdos comerciales como el TPP-11. En particular, el renovado proyecto del TPP se plantea como un potencial desafío a la capacidad de acción colectiva de los países de la UNASUR para mantener a Sudamérica ensamblada y evitar una escisión del subcontinente en dos bloques divergentes: la Alianza del Pacífico y el MERCOSUR.
The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CP TPP), popularly known as “TPP-11”, signed last 8th of March, reinvigorates the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) project, after the United States decided to withdraw from the agreement. This initiative certainly opens a new chapter in international trade relations, as it involves not only a significant modification in the pattern of external relations of the countries involved but also implies the creation and harmonization of norms, rules and standards pertaining trade, foreign investments, rules of origin, technological innovation, environmental protection, labor rights, and gender equality, among many other areas. Given this scenario, it is necessary to reflect upon how prepared is South American regionalism to respond to systemic changes such as those generated by mega agreements as the TPP-11. In particular, the renewed TPP manifests itself as a potential challenge to UNASUR’s capacity for collective action to keep South American countries together and to avoid a split of the subcontinent into two divergent blocs: the Pacific Alliance and MERCOSUR.
The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CP TPP), popularly known as “TPP-11”, signed last 8th of March, reinvigorates the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) project, after the United States decided to withdraw from the agreement. This initiative certainly opens a new chapter in international trade relations, as it involves not only a significant modification in the pattern of external relations of the countries involved but also implies the creation and harmonization of norms, rules and standards pertaining trade, foreign investments, rules of origin, technological innovation, environmental protection, labor rights, and gender equality, among many other areas. Given this scenario, it is necessary to reflect upon how prepared is South American regionalism to respond to systemic changes such as those generated by mega agreements as the TPP-11. In particular, the renewed TPP manifests itself as a potential challenge to UNASUR’s capacity for collective action to keep South American countries together and to avoid a split of the subcontinent into two divergent blocs: the Pacific Alliance and MERCOSUR.
Palabras clave
TPP-11, Sudamérica, MERCOSUR, Alianza del Pacífico, Regionalismo sudamericano, South America, Pacific Alliance