Discursos sobre estado, poder y política en la formación de grado en trabajo social
Fecha
2016
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Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales
Resumen
La presente tesis doctoral se enmarca en el análisis de los procesos de formación de grado en Trabajo Social en la actualidad en el país. Las modificaciones en el abordaje de la cuestión social por parte de los dispositivos estatales, las intensas transformaciones políticas en la última década en Argentina y la región, y los nuevos actores sociales colectivos que emergen disputando/construyendo poder, generan interrogantes acerca de la formación existente y la deseada en este nuevo contexto teórico y social. Ubicada en estos debates, esta investigación se propone analizar los discursos sobre el Estado, el Poder y la Política que circulan en la enseñanza universitaria de Trabajo Social en nuestro país. ¿Cuáles son los discursos presentes (y ausentes) sobre el Estado, el poder y lo político en la formación Trabajo Social? ¿Qué características asumen? ¿Qué debates sobre el Estado y lo político y su relación con la formación se registran en los estudiantes y docentes? Se toma la concepción de discurso en términos foucaultianos, no como enunciaciones verdaderas, sino como formas discursivas que generan efectos de verdad, que trascienden los componentes lingüísticos, y que implican una práctica discursiva (no hay discurso sin dispositivos que lo hagan circular). El enfoque teórico de esta tesis implica una visión de Estado ampliada, asociada a los enfoques de hegemonía y antagonismo; una noción de lo político como indecidible y contingentemente fundante, y una mirada del poder en tanto fenómeno relacional, afirmativo y productivo. Más allá del posicionamiento epistémico propio, este trabajo sistematiza una serie de discursos académicos sobre lo político, vinculados a la Teoría Política Moderna, la Teoría Social y los enfoques contemporáneos. Estas perspectivas son ubicadas (en sus presencias y en
sus ausencias) en el curriculum de las carreras de Trabajo Social analizadas. La investigación se desarrolla desde un enfoque metodológico cualitativo para el abordaje de las prácticas discursivas, triangulando con técnicas cuantitativas. Se construye una muestra cualitativa de seis carreras universitarias públicas de grado de diferentes regiones geográficas del país (UNaM, UNC, UNCa, UNLa, UNLP, UNPSJB), en las que se analizan diferentes fuentes de información (planes de estudio, programas de asignaturas, entrevistas a docentes, encuestas a estudiantes).
This doctoral thesis is framed in the field of the analysis of the current processes of education in the bachelor degrees in Social Work in our country. The changes made by the state institutions in their approach to the social question, the intense political transformations of the last decade in Argentina and the whole region, the reconfiguration of the political exercise in the civil society, and the new collective social actors that emerge disputing/building power, generate questions about both the current and the desired educational processes in the new social and theoretical contexts. Situated in these debates, this investigation attempts to analyze he discourses about State, Power and Politics that circulate in the bachelor degrees on Social Work in our country. Which are the present (and the absent) discourses about State Power and Politics in Social Work education? What shape do they assume? Which debates about the State and Politics and their relation with academic education can be found among students and teachers? The term “discourse” is taken in the foucaultian sense, not as true enunciations, but as discoursive forms that generate effects of truth, that transcend the linguistic components, and involve a discoursive practice (there is no discourse without mechanisms that make it circulate). The theoretic approach of this thesis implies a broader view of State, associated to the perspective of hegemony and antagonsim; a sense of the political as undecidability and contingently founding, and a view of power as a relational, affirmative and productive phenomenon. Beyond its own epistemic positioning, this work sistematizes a series of discourses about the political connected to Modern Political Theory, Social Theory and the contemporary approaches. These perspectives are found (in their presences and absences) in the curriculum of the analyzed Social Work degrees. The investigation develops using a qualitative methodological approach to study the discoursive practices, and triangulates with quantitative techniques. A qualitative sample is made, of six Social Work degrees belonging to public universities from different regions of the country (UnaM, UNC, UNCa, UNLa, UNLP, UNPSJB), in which different sources of information will be analyzed (curriculum, courses syllabus, interviews with teachers, and surveys of students).
This doctoral thesis is framed in the field of the analysis of the current processes of education in the bachelor degrees in Social Work in our country. The changes made by the state institutions in their approach to the social question, the intense political transformations of the last decade in Argentina and the whole region, the reconfiguration of the political exercise in the civil society, and the new collective social actors that emerge disputing/building power, generate questions about both the current and the desired educational processes in the new social and theoretical contexts. Situated in these debates, this investigation attempts to analyze he discourses about State, Power and Politics that circulate in the bachelor degrees on Social Work in our country. Which are the present (and the absent) discourses about State Power and Politics in Social Work education? What shape do they assume? Which debates about the State and Politics and their relation with academic education can be found among students and teachers? The term “discourse” is taken in the foucaultian sense, not as true enunciations, but as discoursive forms that generate effects of truth, that transcend the linguistic components, and involve a discoursive practice (there is no discourse without mechanisms that make it circulate). The theoretic approach of this thesis implies a broader view of State, associated to the perspective of hegemony and antagonsim; a sense of the political as undecidability and contingently founding, and a view of power as a relational, affirmative and productive phenomenon. Beyond its own epistemic positioning, this work sistematizes a series of discourses about the political connected to Modern Political Theory, Social Theory and the contemporary approaches. These perspectives are found (in their presences and absences) in the curriculum of the analyzed Social Work degrees. The investigation develops using a qualitative methodological approach to study the discoursive practices, and triangulates with quantitative techniques. A qualitative sample is made, of six Social Work degrees belonging to public universities from different regions of the country (UnaM, UNC, UNCa, UNLa, UNLP, UNPSJB), in which different sources of information will be analyzed (curriculum, courses syllabus, interviews with teachers, and surveys of students).
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Palabras clave
Análisis del discurso, Formación universitaria, Trabajo social, Educación superior