Efecto del germoplasma silvestre sobre caracteres de interés agronómico en híbridos intra e interespecíficos del genéro Lycopersicon
Fecha
2003
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UNR Editora
Resumen
El tomate cultivado ( Lycopersicon esculentum var. esculentum) es una Solanácea de gran importancia económica a nivel mundial tanto por su producción como por su consumo. Las formas silvestres más promisorias para aportar características transferibles son L. esculentum var. cerasiforme y L. pimpinellifolium debido a la facilidad con que se obtienen los cruzamientos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar caracteres morfovegetativos y de calidad comercial en híbridos intra e interespecíficos de Lycopersicon. Los caracteres morfovegetativos analizados fueron: longitud de entrenudos, perímetro del tallo en las partes basal, media y apical y número de flores por racimo.
Los caracteres de calidad comercial fueron: peso, diámetro, altura, forma y vida en estantería de los frutos. Los genotipos se compararon por un ANOVA a un criterio de clasificación y por el test de Kruskal-Wallis. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los híbridos para todos los caracteres morfovegetativos y de calidad comercial. Los híbridos obtenidos a partir de las formas silvestres presentaron menor tamaño y peso de los frutos. La mayor vida en estantería fue observada en un híbrido entre un mutante de madurez de L.esculentum var. esculentum y la accesión LA722 de L. pimpinellifolium.
The cultivated tomato ( Lycopersiconesculentum var. esculentum) is a member of the relatively small genus Lycopersicon within the large family Solanaceae. The wild form L. esculentum var. cerasiforme and L.pimpinellifolium, which show a high degree of sinteny in their chromosomes, have been used as a valuable source of genetic variation in improving the cultivated tomato. The objective of the present study was to analyze the genetic variability for some vegetative and productive traits in some intravarietal and interspecific crosses among wild and cultivated species. The vegetative traits were: internode length, stem perimeter in the basal, the middle and the apical zones, and number of flowers per cluster. Fruit traits were: weight, diameter, height, shape and shelf life. Genotypes were compared by a one-way ANOVA and by Kruskal-Wallis test. Large differences between the hybrid genotypes were observed for all vegetative and fruit traits. Hybrids from the wild forms had lower fruit weight and size than the other hybrids. An interspecific hybrid between the cultivated tomato and the LA722 accession L.pimpinellifolium showed the highest value for the fruti shelf life.
The cultivated tomato ( Lycopersiconesculentum var. esculentum) is a member of the relatively small genus Lycopersicon within the large family Solanaceae. The wild form L. esculentum var. cerasiforme and L.pimpinellifolium, which show a high degree of sinteny in their chromosomes, have been used as a valuable source of genetic variation in improving the cultivated tomato. The objective of the present study was to analyze the genetic variability for some vegetative and productive traits in some intravarietal and interspecific crosses among wild and cultivated species. The vegetative traits were: internode length, stem perimeter in the basal, the middle and the apical zones, and number of flowers per cluster. Fruit traits were: weight, diameter, height, shape and shelf life. Genotypes were compared by a one-way ANOVA and by Kruskal-Wallis test. Large differences between the hybrid genotypes were observed for all vegetative and fruit traits. Hybrids from the wild forms had lower fruit weight and size than the other hybrids. An interspecific hybrid between the cultivated tomato and the LA722 accession L.pimpinellifolium showed the highest value for the fruti shelf life.
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tomates, vida en estantería, mejoramiento genético, tomatoes, fruit shelf life, plant breeding