Modificaciones estructurales en las pymes hortícolas del cinturón Rosarino (Argentina) ante el cambio del contexto nacional
Fecha
2003
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UNR Editora
Resumen
El objetivo perseguido por el presente artículo es describir las modificaciones ocurridas en la estructura económico-productiva de las PyMEs hortícolas del área de Rosario, en la última década, vinculadas a los cambios ocurridos en el contexto nacional. En esta primera etapa exploratoria, se trabaja con fuentes de datos secundarios, comparando la base de datos del Proyecto Hortícola de Rosario (1992) en los distritos Pérez y Soldini, los resultados del censo SAGyP, INTA y otros (Campaña 1993/94) y la base de datos del Censo Hortícola de Rosario (Campaña 2000/2001). El análisis de la información permite la formulación de hipótesis que deberán ser corroboradas en una etapa posterior del trabajo a partir de encuestas y entrevistas en profundidad. La desaparición de empresas no se ha dado mayoritariamente en las más pequeñas del sector. Por el contrario, puede apreciarse una importante persistencia de las mismas, lo que estaría dando cuenta de una flexibilidad en donde la dotación de recursos económicos no es la única variable a considerar, sino que las dimensiones del capital social y cultural facilitan la emergencia de estrategias que les permitirían articularse al nuevo contexto a través de la reorganización de formas de gestión, diversificación de actividades, cambios en la comercialización y en la organización administrativa, la posibilidad de obtener ingresos extraprediales a partir del trabajo asalariado de algún miembro de la familia, entre otras.
The objective of this article is to describe the transformations in the economic-productive structure of the Small and Medium- Scale Horticultural Farms in the Rosario City area, during the last decade and in the relation to the changes in the national context. In this first exploratory stage, sources of secondary data were used, comparing the database of the Rosario Horticultural Project (1992) for the Pérez and Soldini districts, the results of the census carried out by the Agriculture, Livestock Production and Fishing Department (SAGyP), the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) and others (1993/1994 period) and the database of the Rosario Horticultural Census (2000/2001 period). The hypotheses arrived at from the analysis of data will have to be corroborated in a further stage of the research, in which detailed surveys and interviews will be used. It is to be pointed out that the majority of the farms which were closed down did not belong to the smallest-sized group. On the contrary, it is in these units where an important level of persistence can be observed, a fact which might be accounted by a structural flexibility, where the availability of economic recourses is not the only variable to be taken into account; instead, the dimensions of the social and cultural capital facilitate the emergence of strategies which would allow their incorporation into the new context through the reorganization of management, diversification of activities, changes in product marketing and in the administrative organization, and the possibility of obtaining additional incomes by working outside the farm, among others factors.
The objective of this article is to describe the transformations in the economic-productive structure of the Small and Medium- Scale Horticultural Farms in the Rosario City area, during the last decade and in the relation to the changes in the national context. In this first exploratory stage, sources of secondary data were used, comparing the database of the Rosario Horticultural Project (1992) for the Pérez and Soldini districts, the results of the census carried out by the Agriculture, Livestock Production and Fishing Department (SAGyP), the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) and others (1993/1994 period) and the database of the Rosario Horticultural Census (2000/2001 period). The hypotheses arrived at from the analysis of data will have to be corroborated in a further stage of the research, in which detailed surveys and interviews will be used. It is to be pointed out that the majority of the farms which were closed down did not belong to the smallest-sized group. On the contrary, it is in these units where an important level of persistence can be observed, a fact which might be accounted by a structural flexibility, where the availability of economic recourses is not the only variable to be taken into account; instead, the dimensions of the social and cultural capital facilitate the emergence of strategies which would allow their incorporation into the new context through the reorganization of management, diversification of activities, changes in product marketing and in the administrative organization, and the possibility of obtaining additional incomes by working outside the farm, among others factors.
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PyMEs hortícolas, modificaciones estructurales, cinturón hortícola rosarino, small and Medium scale Horticultural Farms, estructural transfornations, Rosario Horticultural belt