La ciudad de Mar del Plata en la voz de sus habitantes permanentes. Transformaciones urbanas, durante una década de gestiones del socialismo. 1919-1929
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2017
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Habiendo investigado en propuestas anteriores (período 1958-66) las características y la envergadura de las transformaciones urbanas y arquitectónicas y el grado de determinación que las gestiones municipales del Socialismo ejercieron en la conformación del perfil, el carácter y la morfología de esta ciudad y su territorio; este trabajo es el resultado del rastreo “hacia atrás” de los orígenes del “imaginario urbano” construido en Mar del Plata por este sector político. El nuevo corte histórico abarca la década desde 1919 a 1929, en la cual el Partido Socialista logró continuos triunfos electorales en el municipio de General Pueyrredón.
No importarían los innumerables intentos de intervención, los sucesivos comisionados impuestos por el Gobierno de la Provincia (conservadores o radicales), cada intersticio en los avatares eleccionarios posteriores a la reforma Sáenz Peña, demostraron sistemáticamente el predominio del Socialismo en Mar del Plata, que en el transcurso de los ´20, desarrollaría recurrentes actividades parlamentarias; accediendo democráticamente a todas sus intendencias. Su discurso, se apoyaba sobre dos pilares proverbiales: las autonomías municipales y el cooperativismo. Su respuesta a las nuevas realidades planteadas por una sociedad urbana en expansión vertiginosa, parte de considerar a la ciudad y su trazado originario como una realidad dada a la que hay que equipar con los mejores y más modernos servicios a través de una distribución equitativa. Pero entonces, la “ciudad física” no será más que soporte eficiente de la “ciudad real”: aquella conformada por el conjunto todo de sus habitantes permanentes y el de sus habitantes temporarios, los turistas. A esta “ciudad” definida por su sociedad es a la que intentarán racionalizar, sanear a través de la previsión de espacios verdes y embellecer, con acciones y gestiones casi “haussmanianas”. En el otro extremo es a esa ciudad social a la que se proponen dirigir su mayor esfuerzo cultural y educativo: escuelas, bibliotecas populares, sociedades de fomento con actividades culturales, conferencias y la información detallada y colectivizada, de todas las acciones de gobierno.
In earlier investigations we have studied the characteristics and the significance of the urban an architectonic transformations and the definitive roll which the Socialism town councils administrations have played in the character, the profile and the morphology of the city and the territory, between 1958 and1966. Now, this work, is the result of a new search “looking toward the past” to the origin of the “urban imaginaries” produced in Mar del Plata by this political sector. The new historical fragment goes from 1919 to 1929, when the Socialist Party obtained continually successes in the General Pueyrredón town council elections. No matter the innumerable intervention intents, the consecutive commissioners imposed by the Provincial Government (it was the same if they were from the conservative party or the radical party), in every single little corner of the voting avatars after the Saénz Peña law reform, have demonstrated the systematic Socialism predominance in Mar del Plata; because during the 20’s, socialists would developed several parliamentary activities and would accede to all its mayors charges all over the time. The two supports of their arguments were ever the same: the town councils autonomy and the cooperative movement. Their answer to the new reality of the city - generated by the vertiginous urban expansion- arise from considering the city and its original plan , as given reality to be equipped with the best and most modern services, through an equitable distribution. But, in this case, the “physic city” itself, will be not more than an efficient support for the “real city”: that made up by the whole of all its permanent inhabitants and its temporary inhabitants: the tourists. To this “city”, defined by its society, they would try to rationalize it, make it healthier by preventing the more green spaces as possible and to beautify it, through actions and efforts almost “haussmanians”. At the other end, it is to this “social city” where they proposed to direct their bigger cultural and educational efforts: schools, popular libraries, neighborhoods organizations with cultural activities, conferences and detailed and collectivized information about all the government actions.
In earlier investigations we have studied the characteristics and the significance of the urban an architectonic transformations and the definitive roll which the Socialism town councils administrations have played in the character, the profile and the morphology of the city and the territory, between 1958 and1966. Now, this work, is the result of a new search “looking toward the past” to the origin of the “urban imaginaries” produced in Mar del Plata by this political sector. The new historical fragment goes from 1919 to 1929, when the Socialist Party obtained continually successes in the General Pueyrredón town council elections. No matter the innumerable intervention intents, the consecutive commissioners imposed by the Provincial Government (it was the same if they were from the conservative party or the radical party), in every single little corner of the voting avatars after the Saénz Peña law reform, have demonstrated the systematic Socialism predominance in Mar del Plata; because during the 20’s, socialists would developed several parliamentary activities and would accede to all its mayors charges all over the time. The two supports of their arguments were ever the same: the town councils autonomy and the cooperative movement. Their answer to the new reality of the city - generated by the vertiginous urban expansion- arise from considering the city and its original plan , as given reality to be equipped with the best and most modern services, through an equitable distribution. But, in this case, the “physic city” itself, will be not more than an efficient support for the “real city”: that made up by the whole of all its permanent inhabitants and its temporary inhabitants: the tourists. To this “city”, defined by its society, they would try to rationalize it, make it healthier by preventing the more green spaces as possible and to beautify it, through actions and efforts almost “haussmanians”. At the other end, it is to this “social city” where they proposed to direct their bigger cultural and educational efforts: schools, popular libraries, neighborhoods organizations with cultural activities, conferences and detailed and collectivized information about all the government actions.
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Historia urbana, Mar del Plata, Socialismo, Imaginarios, Autonomía municipal