La CGT en disputa: prescindencia apolítica de la dirección sindicalista y frentepopulismo comunista, 1935-1939
Archivos
Fecha
2015
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios Sociales Argentinos y Latinoamericanos
Resumen
La Confederación General del Trabajo (CGT) experimentó un importante crecimiento durante los años
1930. En su primer lustro desplegó un comportamiento moderado frente a los gobiernos de la “década
infame”. Debido al predominio de los dirigentes sindicalistas, tuvo un perfil apolítico, neutralista y hostil a
cualquier acción conjunta tanto con el Partido Socialista (PS) como con el Partido Comunista (PC). Ello
pareció superarse con la ruptura de la CGT en 1935, cuando el grueso del elenco sindicalista quedó fuera
de la dirección y de la propia central, la cual cayó en manos de los militantes del PS y algunos otros
sindicalistas, a los que se agregó el PC. Con el paso de los años, sin embargo, la relación de la CGT con los
partidos de izquierda volvió a resquebrajarse. La conducción cegetista, incluso, buena parte de los
cuadros gremiales del propio socialismo (autonomizados de la tutela partidaria), volvieron a reafirmar las
concepciones antipolíticas y prescindentes. Ello fue crecientemente impugnado desde el PC y el PS. En
este artículo se examinan los análisis y posiciones de la izquierda partidaria frente a este nuevo curso
apolítico de la CGT. Se prioriza la posición del PC, pues fue la fuerza partidaria que más claramente
enfrentó ese planteo neutralista. El ciclo 1935-1939 permite comprender los conflictos que condujeron a la
ruptura cegetista previa al golpe militar del 4 de junio de 1943
The Argentinean General Confederation of Labour (in Spanish, Confederación General del Trabajo, CGT) grew considerably over the 1930s. During its first five years, the organization had a temperate attitude towards the administrations of the so-called “Infamous Decade”. Due to the predominance of union leaders, the CGT had a non-political profile, a neutralist and even hostile approach towards any joint action with the local Socialist Party (SP) and Communist Party (CP). This was apparently outgrown with the breach of the CGT in 1935, when most of the union’s main characters were left out of the direction and the CGT itself, which fell into the hands of SP’s militants, some other unionists and later, also the CP. Over the years, however, the CGT relationship with left-wing parties was deteriorated once again. The CGT direction and a significant amount of Socialist union leaders who had become independent from partisan influence, once more felt the need to renew the independentist and non-political approach. This was increasingly challenged by the CP and the SP. Our work examines the analysis and positions of the left-wing parties regarding this last non-political turn of the CGT. The position of the CP is given pre-eminence, as it was the political power more clearly against the neutralist approach. Reviewing the period between 1935 and 1939 allows us to understand the conflicts that led to the CGT breach before the military coup of June 4, 1943
The Argentinean General Confederation of Labour (in Spanish, Confederación General del Trabajo, CGT) grew considerably over the 1930s. During its first five years, the organization had a temperate attitude towards the administrations of the so-called “Infamous Decade”. Due to the predominance of union leaders, the CGT had a non-political profile, a neutralist and even hostile approach towards any joint action with the local Socialist Party (SP) and Communist Party (CP). This was apparently outgrown with the breach of the CGT in 1935, when most of the union’s main characters were left out of the direction and the CGT itself, which fell into the hands of SP’s militants, some other unionists and later, also the CP. Over the years, however, the CGT relationship with left-wing parties was deteriorated once again. The CGT direction and a significant amount of Socialist union leaders who had become independent from partisan influence, once more felt the need to renew the independentist and non-political approach. This was increasingly challenged by the CP and the SP. Our work examines the analysis and positions of the left-wing parties regarding this last non-political turn of the CGT. The position of the CP is given pre-eminence, as it was the political power more clearly against the neutralist approach. Reviewing the period between 1935 and 1939 allows us to understand the conflicts that led to the CGT breach before the military coup of June 4, 1943
Descripción
Palabras clave
Historia, Sindicalismo, Comunismo, Izquierda, Argentina, CGT - Confederación General del Trabajo de la República Argentina, Unionism, History, Communism