La salud de los pueblos indígenas entre el hacer vivir y el dejar vivir: Reflexiones desde la pandemia de COVID-19
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2021-12-30
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Escuela de Filosofía
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En el marco de la propuesta de la convocatoria, este artículo reflexiona sobre las tensionesque la pandemia agudizó entre la salud como un derecho universal, los derechos particulares de lospueblos indígenas y las prácticas autonómicas en salud de dichos pueblos. Desde allí, se propone analizarla forma en la cual a través de las normativas y protocolos para evitar la propagación de la COVID-19,sancionados por el Estado argentino, se administraron, en términos foucaultianos, formas de gobiernopara hacer vivir (y su contraparte de dejar morir) que entraron en tensión y excluyeron otras formas devivir pertenecientes a los pueblos indígenas (y los respectivos marcos normativos que garantizan elderecho a sus formas de vida). Para problematizar estas exclusiones, nos centraremos principalmente enlos reclamos enunciados desde el movimiento indígena y, en particular, por comunidades yorganizaciones mapuche, los cuales fueron articulando un pedido por que los dejen vivir. El dejar vivirimplicó una denuncia respecto a la implementación de las medidas sanitarias las que, tal como estabansiendo gestionadas, no garantizaban ni el acceso a la salud de estos pueblos dentro del sistemabiomédico, ni la continuidad de sus prácticas y sistemas de salud propios.
Within the framework of the call for proposals, this article reflects on the tensions that thepandemic exacerbated between health as a universal right, the particular rights of indigenous peoples,and the regional health practices of these peoples. From there, it seek to analyze the way in whichthrough the regulations and protocols to prevent the spread of COVID-19, sanctioned by the ArgentineState, forms of government were administered in Foucauldian terms to make people live (and theircounterpart of letting die) that came into tension and excluded other ways of living belonging toindigenous peoples (and the respective normative frameworks that guarantee the right to their ways oflife). To problematize these exclusions, we will focus mainly on the claims made by the indigenousmovement and, in particular, by Mapuche communities and organizations, which were articulating arequest for them to let them live. Letting live implied a complaint regarding the implementation of healthmeasures which, as they were being managed, did not guarantee access to health for these peopleswithin the biomedical system, nor the continuity of their own health practices and systems.
Within the framework of the call for proposals, this article reflects on the tensions that thepandemic exacerbated between health as a universal right, the particular rights of indigenous peoples,and the regional health practices of these peoples. From there, it seek to analyze the way in whichthrough the regulations and protocols to prevent the spread of COVID-19, sanctioned by the ArgentineState, forms of government were administered in Foucauldian terms to make people live (and theircounterpart of letting die) that came into tension and excluded other ways of living belonging toindigenous peoples (and the respective normative frameworks that guarantee the right to their ways oflife). To problematize these exclusions, we will focus mainly on the claims made by the indigenousmovement and, in particular, by Mapuche communities and organizations, which were articulating arequest for them to let them live. Letting live implied a complaint regarding the implementation of healthmeasures which, as they were being managed, did not guarantee access to health for these peopleswithin the biomedical system, nor the continuity of their own health practices and systems.
Palabras clave
COVID-19, salud, derechos, Estado, pueblos indígenas, indigenous peoples, health