Praxis e interculturalidad en la arqueología indígena sudamericana
Fecha
2021-11-11
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Departamento de Arqueología, Escuela de Antropología, Facultad de Humanidades y Artes.
Resumen
Descripción
El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un programa o praxis para la arqueología indígena sudamericana; es decir, la
arqueología por y para los pueblos originarios. Teniendo en cuenta la historia sociopolítica y cultural de la región, las políticas
de identidad desarrolladas por los estados-naciones sudamericanos, las demandas contemporáneas de las organizaciones y
movimientos indígenas y el contexto actual de presión sobre y conflctos en los territorios indígenas, se plantea la necesidad
de desarrollar una arqueología comprometida con los proyectos, reclamos y luchas de los pueblos originarios de la región.
Este programa plantea que la arqueología indígena sudamericana debe: 1) conocer y respetar el marco de derecho indígena
vigente, considerando a los pueblos originarios como sujetos de derecho y sujetos políticos; 2) conceder que lo que
denominamos patrimonio arqueológico pertenece a estos pueblos y sus comunidades; 3) llevar adelante una arqueología que
se ponga a disposición de los proyectos, reclamos y luchas indígenas, especialmente cuando grupos hegemónicos, que siguen
negándolos, buscan apropiarse de sus territorios y recursos; 4) reconocer que los pueblos originarios hablan por sí mismos y
abrir los espacios académicos a las voces indígenas, respetando los saberes y promoviendo la producción de conocimientos
interculturales.
The goal of this paper is to present a program or praxis for South American indigenous archaeology; that is, the archaeology for and with indigenous peoples. Considering the sociopolitical and cultural history of the region, the politics of identity that South American nation-states developed, indigenous movements and organizations’ contemporary demands, and the current context of pressure on and conflcts in indigenous territories, it is necessary to develop an archaeology committed to the projects, claims, and struggles of the original peoples of the region. This program claims that South American indigenous archaeology needs to: 1) know and respect contemporary indigenous rights, recognizing original peoples as subject of rights and political subjects; 2) admit that what we call archaeological heritage belongs to indigenous peoples and communities; 3) make archaeology available for indigenous projects, demands, and struggles, especially when hegemonic groups, who still deny original peoples, seek to appropriate their territories and resources; 4) recognize that indigenous peoples speak for themselves and that archaeology needs to open up academic spaces for native voices, respecting their knowledge and promoting the production of intercultural knowledge.
The goal of this paper is to present a program or praxis for South American indigenous archaeology; that is, the archaeology for and with indigenous peoples. Considering the sociopolitical and cultural history of the region, the politics of identity that South American nation-states developed, indigenous movements and organizations’ contemporary demands, and the current context of pressure on and conflcts in indigenous territories, it is necessary to develop an archaeology committed to the projects, claims, and struggles of the original peoples of the region. This program claims that South American indigenous archaeology needs to: 1) know and respect contemporary indigenous rights, recognizing original peoples as subject of rights and political subjects; 2) admit that what we call archaeological heritage belongs to indigenous peoples and communities; 3) make archaeology available for indigenous projects, demands, and struggles, especially when hegemonic groups, who still deny original peoples, seek to appropriate their territories and resources; 4) recognize that indigenous peoples speak for themselves and that archaeology needs to open up academic spaces for native voices, respecting their knowledge and promoting the production of intercultural knowledge.
Palabras clave
Arqueología indígena, Praxis, Interculturalidad, Sudamérica