Polarización política y fanatismo ‘blando’: una hipótesis semiótica
Fecha
2020-07
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UNR Editora
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Descripción
Este artículo presenta una hipótesis sobre la emergencia de la polarización política
y el fanatismo ‘blando’, dos fenómenos de carácter afectivo que frecuentemente
conducen al ejercicio de formas de violencia simbólica hacia quien se considera un adversario.
Como se argumenta, estas prácticas se apoyan en una dinámica de construcción
discursiva de actores colectivos a partir de la dicotomía nosotros/ellos, la cual facilita
la percepción de la existencia de un enemigo que es valorizado negativamente en un
registro moral. El artículo discute de qué manera la polarización y el fanatismo ‘blando’
pueden ser concebidos como producto de la conjugación de la naturaleza adversativa de
lo político y algunas de las características que este campo discursivo ha tomado en la
época actual, como la mediatización, la simplificación, la personalización y la creencia
en una única verdad.
This article hypothesizes the emergence of political polarization and ‘soft’ fanaticism as two phenomena of an affective nature that frequently lead to the exercise of symbolic violence towards those that are regarded as adversaries. These practices, which are based on a dynamic of discursive construction of collective actors grounded on an us/them dichotomy, foster the perception of the existence of a political enemy that is valorized negatively in a moral register. The article discusses how polarization and ‘soft’ fanaticism can be conceived as the product of the conjunction of the adversative nature of the political and some of the features that this discursive field takes nowadays, such as mediatization, simplification, personalization and the belief in a unique truth.
This article hypothesizes the emergence of political polarization and ‘soft’ fanaticism as two phenomena of an affective nature that frequently lead to the exercise of symbolic violence towards those that are regarded as adversaries. These practices, which are based on a dynamic of discursive construction of collective actors grounded on an us/them dichotomy, foster the perception of the existence of a political enemy that is valorized negatively in a moral register. The article discusses how polarization and ‘soft’ fanaticism can be conceived as the product of the conjunction of the adversative nature of the political and some of the features that this discursive field takes nowadays, such as mediatization, simplification, personalization and the belief in a unique truth.
Palabras clave
Polarización, Fanatismo, Política, Discurso político, Semiótica, Political discourse, Semiotics