La persistente amenaza del extractivismo minero. Actores y escenarios de resistencia en la Argentina actual
Fecha
13-10-2020
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Escuela de Historia
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El siguiente artículo analiza las implicancias del modelo económico extractivista y su materialización en la implantación de la minería a gran escala, o megaminería, como política de Estado en la Argentina. Propone un abordaje retrospectivo y situado de la forma en que se ha instalado la actividad conceptualizada como “nueva minería” en el país, así como de las múltiples acciones de resistencia que ha generado. Esto último se ubica en el centro de la reflexión, considerando la relevancia que adquieren en la disputa territorial las organizaciones sociales, asambleas y comunidades que se conforman para contrarrestar el impulso depredatorio que conlleva este paradigma económico. De este modo, se procura caracterizar el escenario nacional y algunos casos de la escena provincial, donde multiplicidad de actores sociales –Estado en sus distintos niveles, corporaciones, elites locales, por un lado; asambleas socioambientales, pueblos indígenas, campesinos, comunidades, por el otro– pugnan por hegemonizar su propia territorialidad. Territorios de muerte vs. territorios de vida, el dilema que aquí se presenta.
The following article analyzes the implications of the extractive economic model and its materialization in the implantation of large-scale mining, or mega-mining, as a State policy in Argentina. It proposes a retrospective and situated approach to the way in which the activity conceptualized as "new mining" has been installed in the country, as well as the multiple actions of resistance that it has generated. The latter is located in the center of the reflection, considering the relevance that social organizations, assemblies and communities that are formed to counteract the predatory impulse that this economic paradigm entails in the territorial dispute. In this way, we try to characterize the national scene and some cases of the provincial scene, where multiplicity of social actors –State at its different levels, corporations, local elites, on the one hand; socio-environmental assemblies, indigenous peoples, peasants, communities, on the other hand– are fighting to hegemonize their own territoriality. Territories of death vs. territories of life, the dilemma presented here.
The following article analyzes the implications of the extractive economic model and its materialization in the implantation of large-scale mining, or mega-mining, as a State policy in Argentina. It proposes a retrospective and situated approach to the way in which the activity conceptualized as "new mining" has been installed in the country, as well as the multiple actions of resistance that it has generated. The latter is located in the center of the reflection, considering the relevance that social organizations, assemblies and communities that are formed to counteract the predatory impulse that this economic paradigm entails in the territorial dispute. In this way, we try to characterize the national scene and some cases of the provincial scene, where multiplicity of social actors –State at its different levels, corporations, local elites, on the one hand; socio-environmental assemblies, indigenous peoples, peasants, communities, on the other hand– are fighting to hegemonize their own territoriality. Territories of death vs. territories of life, the dilemma presented here.
Palabras clave
Argentina, Minería, Resistencias sociales, Asambleas ambientalistas, Mining, Social resistances, Environmentalist assemblies