La igualdad y el mérito : un análisis comparativo de las políticas de acceso a la universidad en Argentina y Brasil
Fecha
2007-08
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad Nacional de Rosario
Resumen
Las políticas de acceso a la universidad, estructuradas según principios distintivos y con
efectos y consecuencias diversos en Argentina y en Brasil, delimitan un territorio fértil para
poner en evidencia la presencia de diferentes sentidos de la justicia, los derechos y los
formatos y la legitimidad de las jerarquías sociales, dadas las implicancias –reales o
imaginarias- del acceso a la educación universitaria en relación con la movilidad social
ascendente. El estudio de las modalidades de acceso a la universidad y de la construcción de
identidades e instituciones que las acompañan es pues revelador de la existencia de sendas
concepciones de las jerarquías sociales y de sus criterios de legitimidad. Unas y otras
presentan rasgos polares en Argentina y en Brasil dadas las formas en que es concebida la
justicia en relación con la igualdad, en un caso, y con el mérito, en el otro.
The policies of admission to higher education are structured along distinct principles and have altogether different consequences and effects in Argentina and Brazil. Given the implications, both real and imaginary, of access to higher education in terms of upward social mobility, the area of admission policies is fertile soil for the examination of the existing perceptions and conceptions of justice, rights and social hierarchies. The comparative analysis of the modes of access to university and of the accompanying processes of constitution of identities and institution-building is revealing of the existence of two distinct sets of conceptions of and beliefs about social hierarchies and the criteria by which their legitimacy is assessed. In each and every respect, the cases of Argentina and Brazil present polar traits as a result of the different ways justice is conceived as related to equality in the former, and to merit in the latter.
The policies of admission to higher education are structured along distinct principles and have altogether different consequences and effects in Argentina and Brazil. Given the implications, both real and imaginary, of access to higher education in terms of upward social mobility, the area of admission policies is fertile soil for the examination of the existing perceptions and conceptions of justice, rights and social hierarchies. The comparative analysis of the modes of access to university and of the accompanying processes of constitution of identities and institution-building is revealing of the existence of two distinct sets of conceptions of and beliefs about social hierarchies and the criteria by which their legitimacy is assessed. In each and every respect, the cases of Argentina and Brazil present polar traits as a result of the different ways justice is conceived as related to equality in the former, and to merit in the latter.
Descripción
Palabras clave
universidad, políticas de ingreso, principios de justicia, cultura política, university, admission policies, principles of justice, political culture