El internacionalismo latinoamericanista del PC chileno en el mundo postsoviético (1988-1994)
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2017
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Escuela de Historia.
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El artículo trata sobre los cambios en el imaginario político internacionalista del Partido Comunista chileno, tras el derrumbe de la Unión de República Socialista Soviética y el inicio de la “transición” a la democracia en su país. Se sostiene que después de una profunda crisis interna y de sus referentes, el PCCh reformuló su política internacionalista, enfatizando su perspectiva latinoamericanista. Si bien esta venía desarrollándose desde antes, en particular durante los años de la Dictadura de Pinochet, la mantención de Cuba como un Estado socialista le permitió reafirmar la vigencia de su proyecto histórico y concretar nuevas formas de solidaridad con otros pueblos del continente. Ello allanó la posibilidad de que los comunistas chilenos recibieran con entusiasmo otros procesos anticapitalistas de la región, tal como fue la rebelión zapatista en México. Aunque nunca plantearon copiarla mecánicamente, los más importantes dirigentes comunistas tuvieron simpatía y atracción del proceso encabezado por el EZLN, pues les dio algunas claves de sentido para enmarcar a escala continental las movilizaciones que impulsaban en Chile contra las políticas neoliberales. Esto se argumenta en base a periódicos, revistas, documentos partidarios y bibliografía relacionada al tema.
The article its about the changes in the Chilean Communist Party´s imaginary political internationalist, after the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic and the beginning of the "transition" to democracy in his country. It is argued that after a deep internal crisis and its referents, the Chilean Communist Party reformulated its internationalist policy, emphasizing its Latin American perspective. Although it had been developed before, particularly during the Pinochet dictatorship, Cuba's maintenance as a socialist state allowed it to reaffirm the validity of its historic project and to establish new forms of solidarity with other peoples of the continent. This paved the way for the chilean communists to enthusiastically welcome other anticapitalist processes in the region, as was the Zapatista rebellion in Mexico. Although they did not propose to copy it mechanically, the most important communist leaders had sympathy and attraction of the process headed by the EZLN, because it gave some keys to them to frame to the continental scale the mobilizations that propelled in Chile against the neoliberal policies. This is argued based on newspapers, magazines, partisan documents and literature related to the topic.
The article its about the changes in the Chilean Communist Party´s imaginary political internationalist, after the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic and the beginning of the "transition" to democracy in his country. It is argued that after a deep internal crisis and its referents, the Chilean Communist Party reformulated its internationalist policy, emphasizing its Latin American perspective. Although it had been developed before, particularly during the Pinochet dictatorship, Cuba's maintenance as a socialist state allowed it to reaffirm the validity of its historic project and to establish new forms of solidarity with other peoples of the continent. This paved the way for the chilean communists to enthusiastically welcome other anticapitalist processes in the region, as was the Zapatista rebellion in Mexico. Although they did not propose to copy it mechanically, the most important communist leaders had sympathy and attraction of the process headed by the EZLN, because it gave some keys to them to frame to the continental scale the mobilizations that propelled in Chile against the neoliberal policies. This is argued based on newspapers, magazines, partisan documents and literature related to the topic.
Palabras clave
Comunismo, Internacionalismo, Latinoamericanismo, Postsoviético, Communism, Internacionalism, Latin Americanism