Luis D'Elia y los negros: identificaciones raciales y de clase en los sectores populares
Fecha
2009-12
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Centro de Estudios Sobre Diversidad Cultural
Resumen
Descripción
El artículo parte del supuesto de que el uso de la palabra “negros” para referirse a los sectores subalternos de la sociedad porteña se ha convertido actualmente en la más poderosa forma de justificar prejuicios y en la fuente principal de comportamientos discriminatorios en nuestra vida cotidiana. Sugiere que dada la naturaleza polisémica del término, la variación contextual en su utilización y su ubicuidad en la vida cotidiana son necesarios estudios que permitan comprender sus múltiples significados y las consecuencias sociales que se desprenden de su uso. Para ello examina en detalle la manera en que el término es utilizado por Luis D'Elía, conocido líder piquetero, cuya insistencia en la profunda división de la sociedad argentina entre “negros” y “blancos”desató controversias mediáticas recientes. El trabajo intenta discernir las diversas connotaciones que le atribuye: culturales, sociales, políticas y raciales, focalizando la atención principalmente en esta última dimensión. Examina si el líder piquetero establece alguna relación entre el colectivo “negros” (sectores subalternos) y el de los negros (personas de “raza negra”) para ver en qué medida su visión desafía o continúa la narrativa dominante de la nación argentina respecto de este (supuestamente desaparecido) segmento de la población.
The article advances the hypothesis that the growing use of the word “negro”(black) to refer to subaltern groups in Buenos Aires has become a powerful tool for the spread of denigrating stereotypes and the main basis for discriminatory behavior in our daily life. It suggests that given the polysemic nature of the word, the contextual variation in its use and its popularity, studies that show its multiple meanings and the social consequences that its use entails are much needed. Therefore it analyzes in detail the way the term is used by Luis D'Elía, a well-known piquetero social movement leader whose insistence that Argentine society is divided between disenfranchised “blacks” and affluent “whites” created media controversies of national proportions. After establishing the cultural, social, political and racial connotations of the term, this last dimension is especially explored, in order to see what relationship if any he establishes betwwen the subaltern “negros” and Afro-Argentines. Finally the paper discusses to what extent the view of this well-known grassroots leader defies or continues the dominant narrative of the Argentine nation that -incorrectly- postulates the early disappearance of this segment of the population.
The article advances the hypothesis that the growing use of the word “negro”(black) to refer to subaltern groups in Buenos Aires has become a powerful tool for the spread of denigrating stereotypes and the main basis for discriminatory behavior in our daily life. It suggests that given the polysemic nature of the word, the contextual variation in its use and its popularity, studies that show its multiple meanings and the social consequences that its use entails are much needed. Therefore it analyzes in detail the way the term is used by Luis D'Elía, a well-known piquetero social movement leader whose insistence that Argentine society is divided between disenfranchised “blacks” and affluent “whites” created media controversies of national proportions. After establishing the cultural, social, political and racial connotations of the term, this last dimension is especially explored, in order to see what relationship if any he establishes betwwen the subaltern “negros” and Afro-Argentines. Finally the paper discusses to what extent the view of this well-known grassroots leader defies or continues the dominant narrative of the Argentine nation that -incorrectly- postulates the early disappearance of this segment of the population.
Palabras clave
Negros, Afroargentinos, Identidad, Piqueteros, Afroargentines, Social movements